medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-208medsovet-9194Research ArticleХРОНИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ЛЕГКИХCHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASESВлияние противодиабетических препаратов на течение бронхиальной астмыInfluence of antidiabetic drugs on the course of bronchial asthmahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-0941СалуховВ. В.SalukhovV. V.

Салухов Владимир Владимирович, д.м.н., профессор, начальник 1-й кафедры и клиники (терапии усовершенствования врачей) имени академика Н.С. Молчанова

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

Vladimir V. Salukhov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the 1st Department and Clinic (Advanced Physician Therapy) named after Academician N.S. Molchanov

6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044

 

vlasaluk@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-7986ХаритоновМ. А.KharitonovM. A.

Харитонов Михаил Анатольевич, д.м.н., профессор, профессор 1-й кафедры и клиники (терапии усовершенствования врачей) имени академика Н.С. Молчанова

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

Mikhail A. Kharitonov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the 1st Department and Clinic (Advanced Physician Therapy) named after Academician N.S. Molchanov

6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044

micjul11@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7914-6173РудаковЮ. В.RudakovYu. V.

Рудаков Юрий Викторович, к.м.н., доцент 1-й кафедры и клиники (терапии усовершенствования врачей) имени академика Н.С. Молчанова

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

Yuriy V. Rudakov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the 1st Department and Clinic (Advanced Physician Therapy) named after Academician N.S. Molchanov

6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044

rudakov_yura@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-3742НиколаевА. В.NikolaevA. V.

Николаев Андрей Владимирович, к.м.н., доцент 1-й кафедры и клиники (терапии усовершенствования врачей) имени академика Н.С. Молчанова

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

Andrey V. Nikolaev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the 1st Department and Clinic (Advanced Physician Therapy) named after Academician N.S. Molchanov

6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044

nikolaevpulmdoc@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-6133ЧугуновА. А.ChugunovA. A.

Чугунов Александр Алексеевич, к.м.н., преподаватель 1-й кафедры и клиники (терапии усовершенствования врачей) имени академика Н.С. Молчанова

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

Aleksandr A. Chugunov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Lecturer of the 1st Department and Clinic (Advanced Physician Therapy) named after Academician N.S. Molchanov

6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044

alexandrchugun@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-3364-6113РязановаК. М.RyazanovaK. M.

Рязанова Ксения Михайловна, курсант факультета подготовки врачей (для Сухопутных, Ракетных и Воздушно-десантных войск)

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

Ksenia M. Ryazanova, Cadet of the Faculty of Medical Training (for Land, Missile, and Airborne Forces)

6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044

ryazanovva.k@gmail.comВоенно-медицинская академия имени С.М. КироваРоссияMilitary Medical Academy named after S.M. KirovRussian Federation202522062025095056Copyright © Салухов В.В., Харитонов М.А., Рудаков Ю.В., Николаев А.В., Чугунов А.А., Рязанова К.М., 20252025Салухов В.В., Харитонов М.А., Рудаков Ю.В., Николаев А.В., Чугунов А.А., Рязанова К.М.Salukhov V.V., Kharitonov M.A., Rudakov Y.V., Nikolaev A.V., Chugunov A.A., Ryazanova K.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9194

Результаты современных исследований показывают, что, несмотря на новые подходы к лечению бронхиальной астмы (БА), включая новые стратегии использования комбинаций ингаляционных и биологических препаратов, около 5–10% пациентов относятся к фенотипу с устойчивой резистентностью к стандартной терапии, более выраженной бронхиальной реактивностью и, как следствие, склонностью к частым обострениям. В связи с этим необходимо изучение и внедрение дополнительных методов терапии БА. БА и сахарный диабет являются серьезными хроническими заболеваниями, которые значительно влияют на качество жизни миллионов людей по всему миру. БА характеризуется хроническим воспалением дыхательных путей, что приводит к периодическим приступам удушья, свистящего дыхания и одышки. Сахарный диабет, в свою очередь, является метаболическим заболеванием, связанным с хронической гипергликемией вследствие дефектов секреции инсулина, инсулинорезистентности или обоих этих факторов. Современные исследования свидетельствуют, что противодиабетические препараты, такие как метформин и препараты класса агонистов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (аГПП-1), могут оказывать положительное влияние на течение БА. Новое британское исследование, проведенное группой под руководством Хлои Блум из Имперского колледжа Лондона, продемонстрировало, что метформин снижает вероятность возникновения приступов астмы на 30%, а добавление к терапии препарата аГПП-1 уменьшает эту вероятность еще на 40%. В экспериментальных исследованиях препараты для лечения диабета, метформин и аГПП-1, уменьшали воспаление дыхательных путей, гиперреактивность и ремоделирование бронхов. Эти результаты подчеркивают необходимость углубленного изучения потенциала противодиабетических препаратов в лечении БА в сочетании с ожирением либо сахарным диабетом 2-го типа и предполагают возможность перепрофилирования антидиабетических препаратов в столь необходимые альтернативные методы лечения БА.

Results of modern research show that despite new approaches to the treatment of bronchial asthma (BA) (including new strategies for using combinations of inhaled and biological drugs), about 5-10% of patients belong to the phenotype with persistent resistance to standard therapy, more pronounced bronchial reactivity and, as a result, a tendency to frequent exacerbations. In this regard, it is necessary to study and implement additional methods of BA therapy. Recent research suggests that antidiabetic drugs such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists may have a positive effect on asthma. A new UK study led by Chloe Bloom of Imperial College London has shown that metformin reduces the risk of asthma attacks by 30%, while adding a GLP-1 agonist to the treatment reduces the risk by a further 40%. In experimental studies, the diabetes drugs metformin and GLP-1 agonists reduced airway inflammation, hyperreactivity and bronchial remodelling. These results highlight the need for further study of the potential of antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of asthma in combination with obesity or type 2 diabetes, and suggest the possibility of repurposing antidiabetic drugs into much-needed alternative treatments for asthma.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.