medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-040medsovet-9195Research ArticleХРОНИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ЛЕГКИХCHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASESВ поисках цифровых подходов и применения искусственного интеллекта при изучении, диагностике и лечении саркоидозаIn search of digital approaches and application of artificial intelligence in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcoidosishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5028-5276ВизельА. А.VizelA. A.

Визель Александр Андреевич, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой фтизиопульмонологии

420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

Author ID: 195447

Aleksandr A. Vizel, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Phthisiopulmonology

49, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012

lordara@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5999-2150АвдеевС. Н.AvdeevS. N.

Авдеев Сергей Николаевич, академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, главный пульмонолог Минздрава России, заведующий кафедрой пульмонологии 

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Author ID: 194984

Sergey N. Avdeev, Acad. RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Pulmonologist of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Pulmonology of the Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine

8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991

serg_avdeev@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4289-2102ЛебедевГ. С.LebedevS. G.

Лебедев Георгий Станиславович, д.т.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой информационных и интернет-технологий, Институт цифровой медицины Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); заведующий отделом инновационного развития и научного проектирования, Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения

119435, Москва, Абрикосовский пер., д. 1, стр. 2,

127254, Москва, ул. Добролюбова, д. 11

Author ID: 144872

Georgy S. Lebedev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Head of the Department of Information and Internet Technologies, Institute of Digital Medicine of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Head of the Department of Innovative Development and Scientific Design, Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatization of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

1, Bldg. 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435,

11, Dobrolyubova St., Moscow, 127254

geramail@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-8177ВизельИ. Ю.VizelI. Yu.

Визель Ирина Юрьевна, д.м.н., профессор РАЕ, профессор кафедры фтизиопульмонологии

420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

Author ID: 246946

Irina Yu. Vizel, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of RAE, Professor of the Department of Phthisiopulmonology

49, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012

tatpulmo@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-1219-4957ВизельЛ. А.VizelL. A.

Визель Леонид Александрович, студент

420008, Казань, ул. Кремлевская, д. 1

Leonid A. Vizel, Student

49, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012

laskaleo2004@mail.ruКазанский государственный медицинский университетРоссияKazan State Medical UniversityRussian FederationИнститута клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского, Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationИнститут цифровой медицины Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохраненияРоссияInstitute of Digital Medicine of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Central Research Institute for Health Organization and InformatizationRussian FederationКазанский (Приволжский) федеральный университетРоссияKazan (Volga Region) Federal UniversityRussian Federation202522062025095768Copyright © Визель А.А., Авдеев С.Н., Лебедев Г.С., Визель И.Ю., Визель Л.А., 20252025Визель А.А., Авдеев С.Н., Лебедев Г.С., Визель И.Ю., Визель Л.А.Vizel A.A., Avdeev S.N., Lebedev S.G., Vizel I.Y., Vizel L.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9195

Цифровизация здравоохранения становится неотъемлемой частью оказания медицинской помощи населению. Внедрение искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) в медицину приводит к формированию «цифрового мышления» и доверия общества к цифровому здравоохранению. Целью данного обзора литературы было обобщение данных, относящихся к ИИ в целом и к изучению саркоидоза – полиорганного гранулематоза неизвестной природы. Наиболее широко представлены работы по распознаванию изображений, которые используют разные подходы. В пульмонологии это работа с флюорограммами, рентгенограммами и компьютерными томограммами. В то же время ведется комплексная работа по радиомике – сопоставлению данных имидж-диагностики с лабораторными и функциональными данными. Созданы программы, распознающие речь, анализирующие тексты заключений, результаты тканевой диагностики и даже данные аускультации пациентов. При саркоидозе создание систем поддержки принятия врачебных решений ведется с 90-х гг. XX в. с приоритетом российских фтизиатров, пульмонологов и математиков. В международной практике глубокое обучение наиболее полно изучено для диагностики легочного саркоидоза. Радиомика в основном использовалась для дифференциации саркоидоза от злокачественных опухолей. Ведутся работы по дифференциации саркоидоза и нормальных данных при легочном и сердечном саркоидозе, по дистанционному самоконтролю пациентов. Анализ литературы показал, что в клинической медицине успех ИИ возможен только в тесном взаимодействии с врачом-экспертом или многопрофильной комиссией врачей.

Digitalization of healthcare is becoming an integral part of providing medical care to the population. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine leads to the formation of “digital thinking” and public trust in digital healthcare. The purpose of this literature review was to summarize the data related to AI in general and to the study of sarcoidosis – a multiorgan granulomatosis of unknown origin. The most widely represented works are on image recognition, which use different approaches. In pulmonology, this is work with fluorograms, radiographs and computed tomograms. At the same time, comprehensive work is underway on radiomics – comparing image diagnostic data with laboratory and functional data. Programs have been created that recognize speech, analyze the texts of conclusions, the results of tissue diagnostics and even patient auscultation data. In sarcoidosis, the creation of systems to support medical decision-making has been underway since the 1990s, with priority given to Russian phthisiologists, pulmonologists, and mathematicians. In international practice, deep learning has been most fully studied for the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Radiomics was mainly used to differentiate sarcoidosis from malignant tumors. Work is underway to differentiate sarcoidosis and normal data in pulmonary and cardiac sarcoidosis, and for remote self-monitoring of patients. Literature analysis has shown that in clinical medicine, the success of AI is possible only in close cooperation with an expert physician or a multidisciplinary committee of physicians.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.