<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-215</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENDOCRINOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Как жидкие лекарственные формы жаропонижающих и препаратов для лечения кашля влияют на точность определения глюкозы у пациента с сахарным диабетом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>How liquid drug forms of antipyretics and cough medicines affect the accuracy of glucose testing in a patient with diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-0194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Витебская</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitebskaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Витебская Алиса Витальевна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры детских болезней Клинического института детского здоровья имени Н.Ф. Филатова.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa V. Vitebskaya - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases, Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.vitebskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8514-9341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганисян</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganisian</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оганисян Татьяна Артаковна - студент Клинического института детского здоровья имени Н.Ф. Филатова.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Oganisian - Student of Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Витебская А.В., Оганисян Т.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Витебская А.В., Оганисян Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vitebskaya A.V., Oganisian T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9277">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9277</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Выбор лекарственных средств для лечения интеркуррентных заболеваний при сахарном диабете (СД) ограничен: препараты, содержащие глюкозу и сахарозу, повышают гликемию. В состав лекарств также могут входить вещества, ложно распознаваемые глюкометром вместо глюкозы, что может привести к ошибкам в коррекции инсулинотерапии. Ибупрофен и парацетамол не влияют на точность определения глюкозы глюкометром; интерференция муколитиков и вспомогательных веществ не изучена.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние жидких лекарственных форм популярных жаропонижающих и препаратов для лечения кашля, применяемых у детей, на точность определения глюкозы с помощью глюкометра.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Мы протестировали образцы сиропов жаропонижающих средств (ибупрофен, нурофен, парацетамол), сиропов/растворов препаратов, применяемых от кашля (лазолван, бромгексин). Сироп парацетамола содержал сахарозу; в состав всех сиропов, кроме бромгексина, входил глицерол; в состав сиропов парацетамола и бромгексина – пропиленгликоль. Мы добавляли каплю образца каждого лекарственного средства в контрольный раствор (КР) с низкой и высокой концентрацией глюкозы, после этого проводили измерение концентрации глюкозы с помощью глюкометра. Полученные результаты сравнивали с нормативами для соответствующего КР. Каждый тест повторялся 5 раз.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Добавление сиропов жаропонижающих препаратов к КР приводило к завышению результата независимо от наличия сахарозы в сиропе. Добавление раствора лазолвана не искажало результат, а добавление сиропа повышало его. Добавление раствора или сиропа бромгексина приводило к одинаковому пограничному завышению результата.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пациентам с СД следует избегать использования лекарственных препаратов в форме сиропов, даже если они не содержат глюкозу и сахарозу, т. к. входящие в состав сиропа вспомогательные вещества могут ложно завышать значения гликемии, определяемые глюкометром. Наши результаты позволяют предположить, что использование растворов более безопасно. Важно учитывать, что активные вещества в некоторых лекарствах также могут искажать результаты измерения уровня глюкозы в крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The choice of drugs for the treatment of intercurrent diseases in diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited: drugs containing glucose and sucrose increase glycemia. Drug composition may also include substances that are falsely recognized by glucometer instead of glucose, which can lead to error in correction of insulin therapy. Ibuprofen and paracetamol do not effect accuracy of glucose measurements by glucometer; interference of cough medicines and excipients have not been studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the effect of popular antipyretic and cough medicines liquid drug forms used in children on the accuracy of glucose measurement using a glucometer.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We tested samples of antipyretic syrups (ibuprofen, nurofen, paracetamol), syrups and solutions of cough medicines (lazolvan, bromhexine). Paracetamol syrup contained sucrose; all syrups but bromhexine contained glycerol; paracetamol and bromhexine syrups contained propyleneglycol. We added a drop of each drug sample to the low- and high-glucose control solutions (CS), and then measured the glucose concentration using a glucometer. The results were compared with the reference range for the corresponding CS. Each test was repeated 5 times.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Adding of antipyretic syrups to CS led to an overestimation of the results regardless of the presence of sucrose in the syrup. Adding of lazolvan solution did not distort the result; but syrup increased it. Adding of bromhexine solution or syrup resulted in the same borderline overestimation of the result.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Patients with diabetes should avoid using medications in syrup form, even if they do not contain glucose and sucrose, since the excipients included in the syrup may falsely increase glycemia values determined by a glucometer. Our results suggest that the use of solutions is safer. It is important to take in account that active substances in some medications can also distort blood glucose measurement results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глюкометр</kwd><kwd>точность</kwd><kwd>интерференция</kwd><kwd>жаропонижающие</kwd><kwd>препараты от кашля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glucometer</kwd><kwd>accuracy</kwd><kwd>interference</kwd><kwd>antipyretics</kwd><kwd>cough medicines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dye AM, Alemzadeh R, Wang J, Tolley EA, Lahoti A. Intensive sick day rules to prevent recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis – An intervention that exemplifies health disparities. J Natl Med Assoc. 2022;114(1):30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2021.10.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dye AM, Alemzadeh R, Wang J, Tolley EA, Lahoti A. Intensive sick day rules to prevent recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis – An intervention that exemplifies health disparities. J Natl Med Assoc. 2022;114(1):30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2021.10.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu L, Girgis CM, Cheung NW. COVID-19 and diabetes: Insulin requirements parallel illness severity in critically unwell patients. Clin Endocrinol. 2020;93(4):390–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu L, Girgis CM, Cheung NW. COVID-19 and diabetes: Insulin requirements parallel illness severity in critically unwell patients. Clin Endocrinol. 2020;93(4):390–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phelan H, Hanas R, Hofer SE, James S, Landry A, Lee W et al. Sick day management in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(7):912–925. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13415.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phelan H, Hanas R, Hofer SE, James S, Landry A, Lee W et al. Sick day management in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(7):912–925. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13415.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conti M, Meneghini E, Fumagalli G, Guidoni F, Bertuzzi F, Pintaudi B. Severe hypoglycemia caused by hydroxyurea interference on continuous glucose sensor integrated with advanced hybrid closed-loop system: a case report. Acta Diabetol. 2023;60(12):1749–1752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02166-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conti M, Meneghini E, Fumagalli G, Guidoni F, Bertuzzi F, Pintaudi B. Severe hypoglycemia caused by hydroxyurea interference on continuous glucose sensor integrated with advanced hybrid closed-loop system: a case report. Acta Diabetol. 2023;60(12):1749–1752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02166-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Витебская АВ, Телегина КП. Влияние растворов антисептиков на точность определения концентрации глюкозы с помощью глюкометра. Медицинский совет. 2024;18(19):126–130. https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2024-431.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vitebskaya AV, Telegina KP. The effect of antiseptic solutions on the accuracy in blood glucose measurement using a personal glucose meter. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2024;18(19):126–130. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2024-431.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tseng YW, Jiang JF, Hwang WL, Er TK. Interference of Blood Glucose Testing by an Increase in Serum IgM Levels. Clin Lab. 2023;69(2). https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.220616.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tseng YW, Jiang JF, Hwang WL, Er TK. Interference of Blood Glucose Testing by an Increase in Serum IgM Levels. Clin Lab. 2023;69(2). https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.220616.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hauss O, Hinzmann R, Huffman B. Drug Interference in Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and the Impact on Patient Safety: We Can Only Guard Against What We Are Looking for. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2024;18(3):727–732. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968221140420.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hauss O, Hinzmann R, Huffman B. Drug Interference in Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and the Impact on Patient Safety: We Can Only Guard Against What We Are Looking for. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2024;18(3):727–732. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968221140420.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ten Berge D, Muller W, Beishuizen A, Cornet AD, Slingerland R, Krabbe J. Significant interference on specific point-of-care glucose measurements due to high dose of intravenous vitamin C therapy in critically ill patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;59(5):e197–e199. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2020-1445.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ten Berge D, Muller W, Beishuizen A, Cornet AD, Slingerland R, Krabbe J. Significant interference on specific point-of-care glucose measurements due to high dose of intravenous vitamin C therapy in critically ill patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;59(5):e197–e199. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2020-1445.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Katzman BM, Kelley BR, Deobald GR, Myhre NK, Agger SA, Karon BS. Unintended Consequence of High-Dose Vitamin C Therapy for an Oncology Patient: Evaluation of Ascorbic Acid Interference With Three Hospital-Use Glucose Meters. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2021;15(4):897–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296820932186.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katzman BM, Kelley BR, Deobald GR, Myhre NK, Agger SA, Karon BS. Unintended Consequence of High-Dose Vitamin C Therapy for an Oncology Patient: Evaluation of Ascorbic Acid Interference With Three Hospital-Use Glucose Meters. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2021;15(4):897–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296820932186.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mills K, Roetschke J. Patients With SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy Can Reliably Measure Their Blood Glucose Without Interference Issues When Up-to-Date Potentiometric and Amperometric Blood Glucose Measurement Systems Are Used. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;16(1):261–263. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211050370.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mills K, Roetschke J. Patients With SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy Can Reliably Measure Their Blood Glucose Without Interference Issues When Up-to-Date Potentiometric and Amperometric Blood Glucose Measurement Systems Are Used. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;16(1):261–263. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211050370.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phillips S, Setford S, Grady M, Liu Z, Cameron H. Post-Market Surveillance of a Blood Glucose Test Strip Demonstrates No Evidence of Interference on Clinical Accuracy in a Large Cohort of People with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2023;17(1):141–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211042352.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phillips S, Setford S, Grady M, Liu Z, Cameron H. Post-Market Surveillance of a Blood Glucose Test Strip Demonstrates No Evidence of Interference on Clinical Accuracy in a Large Cohort of People with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2023;17(1):141–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211042352.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pfützner A, Kalasauske D, Hanna M, Sachsenheimer D, Raab G, Weissenbacher S, Thomé N. System Accuracy and Interference Evaluation of a New Glucose Dehydrogenase-Based Blood Glucose Meter for Patient Self-Testing. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2025;19(2):431–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968231201862.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pfützner A, Kalasauske D, Hanna M, Sachsenheimer D, Raab G, Weissenbacher S, Thomé N. System Accuracy and Interference Evaluation of a New Glucose Dehydrogenase-Based Blood Glucose Meter for Patient Self-Testing. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2025;19(2):431–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968231201862.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krouwer JS. Traditional Interference Experiments vs. Method Comparison Interference Experiments. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2023;17(2):517–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211059548.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krouwer JS. Traditional Interference Experiments vs. Method Comparison Interference Experiments. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2023;17(2):517–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211059548.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pfützner A, Jensch H, Cardinal C, Srikanthamoorthy G, Riehn E, Thomé N. Laboratory Protocol and Pilot Results for Dynamic Interference Testing of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;18(1):59–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968221095573.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pfützner A, Jensch H, Cardinal C, Srikanthamoorthy G, Riehn E, Thomé N. Laboratory Protocol and Pilot Results for Dynamic Interference Testing of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;18(1):59–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968221095573.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bellido V, Freckman G, Pérez A, Galindo RJ. Accuracy and Potential Interferences of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors in the Hospital. Endocr Pract. 2023;29(11):919–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2023.06.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bellido V, Freckman G, Pérez A, Galindo RJ. Accuracy and Potential Interferences of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors in the Hospital. Endocr Pract. 2023;29(11):919–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2023.06.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chenoweth JA, Dang LT, Gao G, Tran NK. Acetaminophen interference with Nova StatStrip® Glucose Meter: case report with bench top confirmation. Clin Toxicol. 2020;58(11):1067–1070. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2020.1732404.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chenoweth JA, Dang LT, Gao G, Tran NK. Acetaminophen interference with Nova StatStrip® Glucose Meter: case report with bench top confirmation. Clin Toxicol. 2020;58(11):1067–1070. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2020.1732404.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basu A, Veettil S, Dyer R, Peyser T, Basu R. Direct Evidence of Acetaminophen Interference with Subcutaneous Glucose Sensing in Humans: A Pilot Study. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2016;18(Suppl. 2):S243–S247. https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2015.0410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basu A, Veettil S, Dyer R, Peyser T, Basu R. Direct Evidence of Acetaminophen Interference with Subcutaneous Glucose Sensing in Humans: A Pilot Study. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2016;18(Suppl. 2):S243–S247. https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2015.0410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maahs DM, DeSalvo D, Pyle L, Ly T, Messer L, Clinton P et al. Effect of Acetaminophen on CGM Glucose in an Outpatient Setting. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(10):e158–e159. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-1096.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maahs DM, DeSalvo D, Pyle L, Ly T, Messer L, Clinton P et al. Effect of Acetaminophen on CGM Glucose in an Outpatient Setting. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(10):e158–e159. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-1096.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calhoun P, Johnson TK, Hughes J, Price D, Balo AK. Resistance to Acetaminophen Interference in a Novel Continuous Glucose Monitoring System. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2018;12(2):393–396. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296818755797.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calhoun P, Johnson TK, Hughes J, Price D, Balo AK. Resistance to Acetaminophen Interference in a Novel Continuous Glucose Monitoring System. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2018;12(2):393–396. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296818755797.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lyon ME, Lyon AW. N-Acetylcysteine Interference with a Glucose Dehydrogenase Linked Glucose Meter. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;16(5):1114–1119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296821999416.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lyon ME, Lyon AW. N-Acetylcysteine Interference with a Glucose Dehydrogenase Linked Glucose Meter. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;16(5):1114–1119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296821999416.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
