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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-284</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА ПЕДИАТРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICIAN SCHOOL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная эффективность универсального, таргетного и комбинированного скрининга семейной гиперхолестеринемии у детей 11–13 лет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the effectiveness of targeted screening to detect familial hypercholesterolemia in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-8138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пупыкина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pupykina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пупыкина Виктория Викторовна - аспирант кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria V. Pupykina - Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika-pupykina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0058-3803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшеничникова</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshenichnikova</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пшеничникова Ирина Игоревна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского, РМАНПО; врач-педиатр, Детская ГКБ им. З.А. Башляевой; специалист организационно-методического отдела по педиатрии, НИИОЗММ.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1; 125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28; 115088, Москва, ул. Шарикоподшипниковская, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Pshenichnikova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Pediatrician, Bashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital; Specialist of the Organizational and Methodical Department of Paediatrics, Research Institute of Healthcare Organization and Medical Management.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 28, Geroyev Panfilovtsev St., Moscow, 125373; 9, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya St., Moscow, 115088</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Pshenichnikovaii@rmapo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии имени академика Г.Н. Сперанского.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Zakharova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after G.N. Speransky, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-6595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимова Лариса Юрьевна - д.пед.н., к. филол. н., заслуженный учитель Российской Федерации, начальник.</p><p>125284, Москва, ул. Поликарпова, д. 21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa Yu. Maksimova - Dr. Sci. (Educ.), Ph. D. (Philol.), Honored Teacher of the Russian Federation, Head, Moscow Cadet Corps “Boarding School for Pupils of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation”.</p><p>21, Polikarpov St., Moscow, 125284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larisamaximova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-1232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елезова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elezova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елезова Любовь Игоревна - к.м.н., врач-гастроэнтеролог, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части.</p><p>140030, Московская обл., Люберецкий р-н, п. Малаховка, ул. Калинина, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liubov I. Elezova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Chief of Medical Officer, Central Clinical Health Resort for Children with Parents “Malakhovka”.</p><p>29, Kalinin St., Malakhovka Village, Moscow Region, 140033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elelu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; Детская городская клиническая больница имени З.А. Башляевой; Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Bashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital; Research Institute of Healthcare Organization and Medical Management</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский кадетский корпус «Пансион воспитанниц Министерства обороны Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Cadet Corps “Boarding School for Pupils of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный клинический санаторий для детей с родителями «Малаховка»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Clinical Health Resort for Children with Parents “Malakhovka”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>227</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пупыкина В.В., Пшеничникова И.И., Захарова И.Н., Максимова Л.Ю., Елезова Л.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пупыкина В.В., Пшеничникова И.И., Захарова И.Н., Максимова Л.Ю., Елезова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pupykina V.V., Pshenichnikova I.I., Zakharova I.N., Maksimova L.Y., Elezova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9292">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9292</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Семейная гиперхолестеринемия (СГХС) является наиболее частым наследственным нарушением липидного обмена и значимым фактором риска раннего развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Эффективное выявление СГХС в детском возрасте позволяет своевременно начать терапию и существенно улучшить прогноз.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить эффективность таргетного, универсального и комбинированного скрининга для выявления новых случаев семейной гиперхолестеринемии у детей, включая определение чувствительности, специфичности и предсказательной ценности методов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследован 521 ребенок в возрасте 11–13 лет. Всем участникам проведено анкетирование для выявления семейного анамнеза сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и исследование липидного профиля (общий холестерин, липопротеин низкой плотности, липопротеин высокой плотности, триглицериды). Диагноз вероятной СГХС устанавливался по критериям Саймона – Брума. Для оценки эффективности применялись расчеты чувствительности, специфичности, положительной и отрицательной прогностической ценности, а также ROC-анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Таргетный скрининг выявил 5 из 15 случаев СГХС (чувствительность – 33,3%, специфичность – 85,8%, PPV – 6,5%). Универсальный скрининг обеспечил 100% чувствительность и специфичность. Комбинированный подход также показал 100% чувствительность при специфичности 85,8% и PPV 17,2%. ROC-анализ продемонстрировал максимальную диагностическую точность комбинированного метода (AUC = 1,00).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Универсальный и комбинированный подходы превосходят таргетный скрининг по эффективности выявления СГХС в педиатрической популяции. Комбинированный скрининг позволяет достичь высокого качества диагностики при разумном использовании ресурсов. Полученные данные подтверждают целесообразность внедрения расширенных программ выявления СГХС в рамках профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism and a significant risk factor for the early development of cardiovascular diseases. Effective detection of FH in childhood allows timely initiation of therapy and significantly improves the prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of targeted, universal and combined screening for the detection of new cases of familial hypercholesterolemia in children, including determining the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 521 children aged 11–13 years were examined. All participants underwent a questionnaire to identify a family history of cardiovascular diseases and a study of the lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL, TG). The diagnosis of probable FH was established according to the Simon–Broome criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as ROC analysis were used to evaluate the effectiveness.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Targeted screening revealed 5 out of 15 cases of FH (sensitivity – 33.3%, specificity – 85.8%, PPV – 6.5%). Universal screening provided 100% sensitivity and specificity. The combined approach also showed 100% sensitivity with a specificity of 85.8% and a PPV of 17.2%. ROC analysis demonstrated the maximum diagnostic accuracy of the combined method (AUC = 1.00).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Universal and combined approaches are superior to targeted screening in terms of the effectiveness of detecting FH in the pediatric population. Combined screening makes it possible to achieve high-quality diagnostics with reasonable use of resources. The data obtained confirm the expediency of introducing expanded programs for the detection of FH in the framework of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in children.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семейная гиперхолестеринемия</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>липидный профиль</kwd><kwd>липопротеин низкой плотности (ЛНП)</kwd><kwd>предиктивная диагностика</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>familial hypercholesterolemia</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>lipid profile</kwd><kwd>LDL</kwd><kwd>predictive diagnosis</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC). 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