medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-234medsovet-9347Research ArticleНЕВРОЛОГИЯNEUROLOGYАутоиммунный энцефалит у мужчины, ассоциированный с антителами к NMDA-рецепторамCase report of anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis in an adult male patienthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-791XРябовС. А.RyabovS. A.

Рябов Сергей Андреевич, к.м.н., врач-невролог

127015, Москва, ул. Писцовая, д. 10

Sergey A. Ryabov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Neurologist

10, Pistsovaya St., Moscow, 127015

sergey.3r@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2676-452XПоповаЕ. В.PopovaE. V.

Попова Екатерина Валериевна, д.м.н., заведующая межокружным отделением рассеянного склероза

127015, Москва, ул. Писцовая, д. 10

Ekaterina V. Popova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the District Department of Multiple Sclerosis

10, Pistsovaya St., Moscow, 127015

ani_retake1@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9261-2159ЗейналоваС. Р.ZeynalovaS. R.

Зейналова Светлана Рустамовна, к.м.н., заместитель главного врача

127015, Москва, ул. Писцовая, д. 10

Svetlana R. Zeynalova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Chief Physician

10, Pistsovaya St., Moscow, 127015

s.zeynalova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-4068РябовА. Г.RyabovA. G.

Рябов Алексей Геннадьевич, к.м.н., заведующий неврологическим отделением

127015, Москва, ул. Писцовая, д. 10

Alexey G. Ryabov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Neurological Department

10, Pistsovaya St., Moscow, 127015

riabovr@rambler.ruГородская клиническая больница №24РоссияCity Clinical Hospital No. 24Russian Federation20251009202519138186Copyright © Рябов С.А., Попова Е.В., Зейналова С.Р., Рябов А.Г., 20252025Рябов С.А., Попова Е.В., Зейналова С.Р., Рябов А.Г.Ryabov S.A., Popova E.V., Zeynalova S.R., Ryabov A.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9347

Осведомленность врачей об аутоиммунных энцефалитах как о причине подострой психиатрической симптоматики за последнее десятилетие увеличивается пропорционально появлению публикаций обзоров и клинических случаев на эту тему. Это связано с улучшением методов диагностики, включая обнаружение специфических антител в сыворотке крови и цереброспинальной жидкости, а также с ростом осведомленности о разнообразии клинических проявлений. Аутоиммунный энцефалит (АЭ), ассоциированный с антителами к NMDA-рецепторам (анти-NMDAR АЭ), в классическом понимании представляется врачу как часть паранеопластического синдрома у молодой женщины с тератомой яичника. Однако появление патологических антител возможно и у мужчин, что следует учитывать во время дифференциального диагноза, особенно при наличии психотических расстройств, когнитивных нарушений или эпилептических припадков. В данной статье мы описали пациента с относительно рано диагностированным анти-NMDAR АЭ, подчеркнув важность своевременного иммунологического обследования и раннего начала терапии для улучшения прогноза. Ранняя диагностика позволяет минимизировать неврологические осложнения и улучшить качество жизни пациентов.

Physicians’ awareness of autoimmune encephalitis as a cause of subacute psychiatric symptoms has increased over the past decade, proportional to the growing number of published reviews and clinical cases on the topic. This trend is driven by improved diagnostic methods, including the detection of specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid, as well as a better understanding of the diverse clinical presentations. Classically, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDAR AE) is perceived by clinicians as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome in young women with ovarian teratomas. However, the production of pathological antibodies can also occur in men, a factor that must be considered during differential diagnosis, particularly in cases of psychotic disorders, cognitive impairment, or seizures. In this article, we describe a clinical case of a male patient with relatively early-diagnosed anti-NMDAR AE, highlighting the importance of prompt immunological testing and early treatment initiation to improve outcomes. Early diagnosis helps minimize neurological complications and enhances patients’ quality of life.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.