medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-329medsovet-9425Research ArticleТРИХОЛОГИЯTRICHOLOGYЭпидемиология гнездной алопеции и ее ассоциации с атопическим дерматитом: сравнительный анализ данных Московского центра дерматовенерологии и косметологии и федерального регистраEpidemiology of alopecia areata and its association with atopic dermatitis: A comparative analysis of data from the Moscow Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology and the Federal Registryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-0576ГаджигороеваА. Г.GadzhigoroevaA. G.

Гаджигороева Аида Гусейхановна - д.м.н., руководитель научного отдела клинической дерматовенерологии и косметологии, Московский НПЦ дерматовенерологии и косметологии; профессор кафедры дерматовенерологии, аллергологии и косметологии медицинского института, РУДН имени Патриса Лумумбы.

119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17; 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

Aida G. Gadzhigoroeva - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Scientific Department of Clinical Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, MSPC of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Professor of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Allergology and Cosmetology of the Medical Institute, PFUR named after Patrice Lumumba.

17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071; 6, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow, 117198

aida2010@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9578-5490ПотекаевН. Н.PotekaevN. N.

Потекаев Николай Николаевич - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой кожных болезней и косметологии факультета дополнительного профессионального образования, РНИМУ имени Н.И. Пирогова; директор, Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии.

117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1; 119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17

Nikolay N. Potekaev - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Skin Diseases and Cosmetology of the Faculty of Continuing Professional Education, Pirogov Russian NRMU; Director, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology.

1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997; 17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071

klinderma@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-0440ТерещенкоГ. П.TereshchenkoG. P.

Терещенко Галина Павловна, к.м.н., заведующая консультативно-диагностическим центром, Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии; доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии, аллергологии и косметологии медицинского института, РУДН имени Патриса Лумумбы.

119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17; 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

Galina P. Tereshchenko - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Consultative and Diagnostic Center, MSPC of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Associate Professor of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Allergology and Cosmetology of the Medical Institute, PFUR named after Patrice Lumumba.

17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071; 6, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow, 117198

gala_ter@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-6573ЖуковаО. В.ZhukovaO. V.

Жукова Ольга Валентиновна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой дерматовенерологии, аллергологии и косметологии медицинского института, РУДН имени Патриса Лумумбы; главный врач, Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии.

117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6; 119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17

Olga V. Zhukova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Allergology and Cosmetology of the Medical Institute, PFUR named after Patrice Lumumba; Chief Physician, Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology.

6, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow, 117198; 17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071

klinderma@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-3798НовожиловаО. Л.NovozhilovaO. L.

Новожилова Ольга Леонидовна, врач-дерматовенеролог, заместитель главного врача по организационно-методической работе.

119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17

Olga L. Novozhilova - Dermatovenerologist, Deputy Chief Physician for Organizational and Methodological Work.

17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071

novozhilova.o@mosderm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-8853-3341ТолстогузоваЭ. В.TolstoguzovaE. V.

Толстогузова Эльвира Владимировна, врач-статистик.

119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17

Elvira V. Tolstoguzova - Medical Statistician.

17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071

elvira.tolstoguzova@yandex.ruБерезовскаяЕ. М.BerezovskayaE. M.

Березовская Елена Михайловна, заведующая отделением медицинской статистики.

119071, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 17

Elena M. Berezovskaya - Head of the Department of Medical Statistics.

17, Leninskiy Ave., Moscow, 119071

berezovskaya.e@mosderm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9060-2490ВурдовД. Ю.VurdovD. Yu.

Вурдов Денис Юрьевич - аспирант, врач общей практики.

127254, Москва, ул. Добролюбова, д. 11

Denis Yu. Vurdov - Postgraduate Student, General Practitioner.

11, Dobrolyubov St., Moscow, 127254

dv@rosmed.infohttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-8563-1351ПитерскаяЕ. П.PiterskayaE. P.

Питерская Екатерина Павловна - врач-терапевт, врач-кардиолог высшей квалификационной категории, научный сотрудник.

117292, Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11

Ekaterina P. Piterskaya - General Practitioner, Cardiologist of the Highest Qualification Category, Research Fellow.

11, Dmitriy Ulyanov St., Moscow

piterskayaep@gmail.comМосковский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии; Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса ЛумумбыРоссияMoscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice LumumbaRussian FederationМосковский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. ПироговаРоссияMoscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationМосковский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологииРоссияMoscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and CosmetologyRussian FederationЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохраненияРоссияCentral Research Institute of Organization and Informatization of HealthcareRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии имени академика И.И. ДедоваРоссияNational Medical Research Center of Endocrinology named after Academician I.I. DedovRussian Federation202530092025014212223Copyright © Гаджигороева А.Г., Потекаев Н.Н., Терещенко Г.П., Жукова О.В., Новожилова О.Л., Толстогузова Э.В., Березовская Е.М., Вурдов Д.Ю., Питерская Е.П., 20252025Гаджигороева А.Г., Потекаев Н.Н., Терещенко Г.П., Жукова О.В., Новожилова О.Л., Толстогузова Э.В., Березовская Е.М., Вурдов Д.Ю., Питерская Е.П.Gadzhigoroeva A.G., Potekaev N.N., Tereshchenko G.P., Zhukova O.V., Novozhilova O.L., Tolstoguzova E.V., Berezovskaya E.M., Vurdov D.Y., Piterskaya E.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9425Введение

Введение. Одним из частых сопутствующих заболеваний гнездной алопеции является атопический дерматит. Имеющиеся эпидемиологические сведения по гнездной алопеции и ее ассоциации с атопическим дерматитом остаются противоречивыми и недостаточно изученными, что определяет актуальность настоящего исследования.

Цель

Цель. Изучить эпидемиологические характеристики гнездной алопеции в Москве и ее ассоциацию с атопическим дерматитом на основании популяционных и регистровых данных.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проведено многоцентровое ретроспективное когортное исследование на основе анализа медицинской документации пациентов с диагнозами «гнездная алопеция» и «атопический дерматит», находившихся под наблюдением в Московском центре дерматовенерологии и косметологии за 2020–2024 гг. Использованы данные федеральной статистики (форма №12), амбулаторных карт (№025/у-04) и специализированного регистра гнездной алопеции. Рассчитаны показатели на 100 тыс. населения.

Результаты

Результаты. За 2020–2024 гг. выявлены существенные различия в эпидемиологии гнездной алопеции (p < 0,001): распространенность среди детей (36,8/100 тыс.) в 2,7 раза превышала взрослые показатели (13,7/100 тыс.), заболеваемость – 22,2 против 7,9/100 000 в год. Общий прирост заболеваемости составил +83,3%, распространенности – +62,6% (p < 0,001). Ассоциация гнездной алопеции с атопическим дерматитом была значимой (p < 0,001): общая частота 2,66% (95% ДИ: 2,37–2,95), у детей выше (4,09%; ОШ = 8,3, 95% ДИ: 7,1–9,7), чем у взрослых (1,85%; ОШ = 14,1, 95% ДИ: 11,9–16,7). Наибольший прирост показателей отмечен в 2021 г. В регистре взрослых пациентов с гнездной алопецией атопический дерматит встречался у 15,9% (64/403).

Выводы

Выводы. Достоверная возраст-зависимая ассоциация между гнездной алопецией и атопическим дерматитом подтверждает роль атопического дерматита как установленного фактора риска гнездной алопеции. Регистровые данные позволяют получить более точные сведения о коморбидных патологиях. Результаты обосновывают целесообразность скрининга атопии у пациентов с гнездной алопецией и необходимость междисциплинарного подхода к их ведению.

Introduction

Introduction. One of the frequent comorbid conditions in alopecia areata is atopic dermatitis. Existing epidemiological data on alopecia areata and its association with atopic dermatitis remain contradictory and insufficiently studied, which underscores the relevance of this research.

Aim

Aim. To study the epidemiological characteristics of alopecia areata in Moscow and its association with atopic dermatitis based on population and registry data.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted by analyzing medical records of patients diagnosed with alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis monitored at the Moscow Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology from 2020 to 2024. Federal statistics (Form No. 12), outpatient records (No. 025/u-04), and a specialized alopecia areata registry were used. Rates per 100 000 population were calculated.

Results

Results. Significant differences in alopecia areata epidemiology were found (p < 0.001): prevalence in children (36.8/100 000) was 2.7 times higher than in adults (13.7/100 000), incidence – 22.2 vs. 7.9/100 000/year. Overall morbidity increased by +83.3%, prevalence by +62.6% (p < 0.001). The association between alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis was significant (p < 0.001): overall frequency 2.66% (95% CI: 2.37–2.95), higher in children (4.09%; OR = 8.3, 95% CI: 7.1–9.7) than adults (1.85%; OR = 14.1, 95% CI: 11.9–16.7). The highest increase occurred in 2021. In the adult alopecia areata registry, atopic dermatitis was present in 15.9% (64/403).

Conclusions

Conclusions. The significant age-dependent association between alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis confirms atopic dermatitis as an established risk factor. Registry data provide more accurate information on comorbidities. The results justify screening for atopy in alopecia areata patients and the need for a multidisciplinary management approach.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.