medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-426medsovet-9559Research ArticleСАХАРНЫЙ ДИАБЕТDIABETES MELLITUSРоль сахарного диабета в течении и осложнениях беременности: обзор литературыThe role of diabetes mellitus in the course and complications of pregnancy: A literature reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-8397АхментаеваД. А.AkhmentayevaD. A.

Ахментаева Дана Алимхановна, к.м.н., эндокринолог высшей категории, ассоциированный профессор кафедры внутренних болезней

050000, Казахстан, Алматы, ул. Толе Би, д. 94

Dana A. Akhmentayeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Endocrinologist of the Highest Category, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine

94, Tole Bi St., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

ahmentaeva.d@kaznmu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1540-8642ТоктароваЖ. Ж.ToktarovaZh. Zh.

Токтарова Жанар Жанибековна, к.м.н, терапевт высшей категории, ассоциированный профессор кафедры внутренних болезней

050000, Казахстан, Алматы, ул. Толе Би, д. 94

Zhanar Zh. Toktarova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician of the Highest Category, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine

94, Tole Bi St., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

aizere_09@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-0148ИжановаА. К.IzhanovaA. K.

Ижанова Айгюль Куандыковна, к.м.н., терапевт высшей категории, ассоциированный профессор кафедры внутренних болезней

050000, Казахстан, Алматы, ул. Толе Би, д. 94

Aygyul K. Izhanova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician of the Highest Category, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine

94, Tole Bi St., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

aygul-izhanova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3859-4812ТокбулатоваМ. О.TokbulatovaM. O.

Токбулатова Мейрамгуль Орынбеккызы, к.м.н., кардиолог высшей категории, ассоциированный профессор кафедры внутренних болезней

050000, Казахстан, Алматы, ул. Толе Би, д. 94

Meiramgul O. Tokbulatova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Cardiologist of the Highest Category, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine

94, Tole Bi St., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

tokbulatova.m@kaznmu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-3610ИсабековаА. Х.IssabekovaA. H.

Исабекова Асель Хозедиасовна, к.м.н., кардиолог высшей категории, ассоциированный профессор кафедры внутренних болезней

050000, Казахстан, Алматы, ул. Толе Би, д. 94

Assel H. Issabekova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Cardiologist of the Highest Category, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine

94, Tole Bi St., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

isabekova.ah@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-5192-0652ЖансаринаГ. Х.ZhansarinaG. Kh.

Жансарина Галия Хамитовна, к.м.н., доцент, терапевт высшей категории, профессор кафедры внутренних болезней

050000, Казахстан, Алматы, ул. Толе Би, д. 94

Galiya Kh. Zhansarina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician of the Highest Category, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine

94, Tole Bi St., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

galiya@zhansarin.kzКазахский национальный медицинский университет имени С.Д. АсфендияроваКазахстанAsfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical UniversityKazakhstan202520112025016188–194Copyright © Ахментаева Д.А., Токтарова Ж.Ж., Ижанова А.К., Токбулатова М.О., Исабекова А.Х., Жансарина Г.Х., 20252025Ахментаева Д.А., Токтарова Ж.Ж., Ижанова А.К., Токбулатова М.О., Исабекова А.Х., Жансарина Г.Х.Akhmentayeva D.A., Toktarova Z.Z., Izhanova A.K., Tokbulatova M.O., Issabekova A.H., Zhansarina G.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9559

Введение. Гипергликемия является одним из наиболее распространенных осложнений беременности во всем мире. Наибольшую долю пациенток составляют женщины с гестационным сахарным диабетом, следом идут беременные с ранее диагностированным диабетом 1-го и 2-го типа. Ведение таких случаев представляет сложную клиническую задачу, требующую тесного взаимодействия специалистов различных направлений.Цель. Проанализировать тактику ведения беременных при сахарном диабете, оценить предрасполагающие факторы риска.Материалы и методы. Был проведен анализ современных публикаций с акцентом на роль сахарного диабета в развитии осложнений при беременности за период с января 2015 г. по март 2025 г. Для анализа были использованы базы данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary. Поиск осуществлялся по ключевым словам: gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy complications, metabolic disorders, maternal-fetal outcomes, prevention of diabetes in pregnancy.Результаты. Уровень метаболического контроля на этапе планирования беременности оказывает значительное влияние на ее течение и исход у женщин с сахарным диабетом 1-го и 2-го типа. Предгравидарная подготовка и профессиональное сопровождение квалифицированных специалистов играют ключевую роль, зачастую превосходя по значимости использование современных технологий, таких как инсулиновые помпы и системы непрерывного мониторинга глюкозы. Заключение. Несмотря на существующие методы профилактики и лечения, остается необходимость дальнейшего изучения индивидуализированных подходов к ведению беременных с метаболическими нарушениями.

Introduction. Hyperglycemia is one of the most common pregnancy complications worldwide. The largest proportion of patients are women with gestational diabetes mellitus, followed by pregnant women with previously diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Managing such cases is a complex clinical task requiring close cooperation between specialists in various fields.Aim. To analyze the tactics of managing pregnant women with diabetes mellitus to assess predisposing risk factors.Materials and methods. The analysis of modern data was carried out with an emphasis on the role of diabetes mellitus in developing complications during pregnancy. The databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and eLibrary were used for the analysis. The search was carried out by keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy complications, metabolic disorders, maternal-fetal outcomes, prevention of diabetes in pregnancy.Results. The level of metabolic control at the stage of pregnancy planning has a significant impact on its course and outcome in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pre-pregnancy training and professional support of qualified specialists play a key role, often surpassing мнеthe use of modern technologies such as insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring systems.Conclusion. Despite the existing methods of prevention and treatment, there remains a need for further study of individualized approaches to the management of pregnant women with metabolic disorders.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.