<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-440</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9587</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БРОНХОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ И ОТОЛАРИНГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRONCHOPULMONOLOGY, OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Постковидный синдром в практике педиатра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Postcovoid syndrome pediatrician’s practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-7459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гадельшина</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadelshina</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гадельшина Дания Мунировна, аспирант кафедры детских инфекций; врач-педиатр, врач-инфекционист</p><p>443099, Россия, Самара, ул. Чапаевская, д. 89</p><p>446160, Самарская обл., Пестравский район, с. Пестравка, ул. Крайнюковская, д. 105</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danya M. Gadelshina, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Children’s Infections; Pediatrician, Infectious Diseases Specialist</p><p>89, Chapaevskaya St., Samara, 443099</p><p>105, Krainukovskaya St., Pestravka Village, Samara Region, 446160</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Dr_Danija@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-6708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисова Ольга Вячеславовна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой детских инфекций</p><p>443099, Россия, Самара, ул. Чапаевская, д. 89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Borisova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Children’s Infections</p><p>89, Chapaevskaya St., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.v.borisova@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет; Пестравская центральная районная больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University; Pestravskaya Central District Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>19</issue><elocation-id>72–78</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гадельшина Д.М., Борисова О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гадельшина Д.М., Борисова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gadelshina D.M., Borisova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9587">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9587</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Новая коронавирусная инфекция оставила неизгладимый след в истории мирового и отечественного здравоохранения. Множество исследований в настоящее время основано на стремлении определить последствия пандемии и в дальнейшем быть готовыми к возникновению подобных ситуаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить клинико-лабораторные особенности постковидного синдрома у детей с 7 до 18 лет, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию под наблюдением врача-педиатра.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовало 120 детей с 7 до 18 лет, перенесших заболевание COVID-19 легкой степени в 2022 г. В рамках данного исследования были выделены 2 группы: основная (n = 29) – дети с постковидным синдромом и сравнения (n = 91) – дети без постковидного синдрома. Проведено физикальное обследование, функциональные, лабораторные и специальные методы исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Распространенность постковидного синдрома у детей и подростков составляет 24,17%. </p><p>Клинические проявления постковидного синдрома: астенический синдром (проявлялся усталостью и/или тревожностью) – 24,14% и когнитивные нарушения (снижение памяти, успеваемости в школе) – 13,78%. Респираторные проявления (затяжной кашель) наблюдались у 17,24%, длительный субфебрилитет, не связанный с другими заболеваниями, – 10,34%, обострение хронических заболеваний, психоневрологические изменения, нарушения со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы, дерматологические последствия – 6,9%, почечные дисфункции и мультисистемные дисфункции – 3,45%. Средние значения IgG к антителам SARS-CoV-2 – 6,5 МЕ/л (mix 0,72 – max 13,3), выше среднего значения в 58,6% случаев. IL-6 повышен в 7% случаев у детей, имеющих сопутствующую патологию, и 3% с постковидными проявлениями. Увеличения IL-4 и ФНО (TNF-α) не выявлено. Установлена взаимосвязь исходного состояния здоровья организма ребенка и вероятность возникновения постковидного синдрома. Все дети находились под наблюдением в течение года. Проведены дополнительные методы исследования, консультации узких специалистов. Лечение – симптоматическое, иммуномодулирующее, витаминотерапия.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В настоящее время новая коронавирусная инфекция стала сезонным заболеванием. На основании проведенного исследования доказано, что при легком течении заболевания у детей возможно развитие постковидного синдрома. Врач-педиатр в рамках амбулаторно-поликлинического приема на этапе выздоровления может оценить риски развития постковидного синдрома у детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The new coronavirus infection has left an indelible mark on the history of global and national healthcare. Many studies are currently based on the desire to define the consequences of the pandemic and be prepared for similar situations in the future.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To examine clinical laboratory features of the Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome in children aged 7 to 18 years under the medical supervision of a district pediatrician.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study involved 120 children aged 7 to 18 years who had mild COVID-19 in 2021–2022. The study was divided into 2 groups: the main group (n = 29) – children with the post- COVID syndrome and the comparison group (n = 91) – children without post- COVID syndrome. A physical examination, functional, laboratory and special methods of examination were performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Clinical aspects of post- COVID syndrome: asthenic reaction (manifested by fatigue and/or anxiety) – 24.14% and cognitive deterioration (decreased memory and academic decline) – 13.78%. Respiratory effects (lingering cough) were observed in 17.24%, prolonged subfebrile fever not associated with other diseases – 10.34%, exacerbation of chronic diseases, neuropsychiatric changes, cardiac disorders, dermatological consequences – 6.9%, renal dysfunctions and multi-systemic dysfunctions – 3.45%. Average values of IgG to Anti- SARS-CoV-2 is 6.5 IU/l (min 0.72 – max 13.3), above the average value in 58.6% of cases. IL-6 is elevated in 7% of cases in children with comorbidity and 3% with post- COVID manifestations. No increase in IL-4 and TNF-α was detected. A correlation between the initial health status of the child and the post- COVID syndrome probability was defined. All children were under supervision for a year. Additional examinations and consultations with specialists were conducted. The treatment is expected, immunomodulatory, vitamin therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. This research showed that children who have a light disease may suffer post- COVID syndrome. When children have a medical check pediatricians can see the risks of post- COVID syndrome in them during the recovery phase.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>Long COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>IgG</kwd><kwd>прокальцитонин</kwd><kwd>цитокиновый профиль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-covid syndrome</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>Long COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>IgG</kwd><kwd>procalcitonin</kwd><kwd>cytokine profile</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ely EW, Brown LM, Fineberg HV; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Examining the Working Definition for Long Covid. Long Covid Defined. N Engl J Med. 2024;391(18):1746–1753. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb2408466.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ely EW, Brown LM, Fineberg HV; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Examining the Working Definition for Long Covid. Long Covid Defined. N Engl J Med. 2024;391(18):1746–1753. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb2408466.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gross RS, Thaweethai T, Rosenzweig EB, Chan J, Chibnik LB, Cicek MS et al. Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(5):e0285635. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285635.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gross RS, Thaweethai T, Rosenzweig EB, Chan J, Chibnik LB, Cicek MS et al. Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(5):e0285635. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285635.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soriano JB, Murthy S, Marshall JC, Relan P, Diaz JV; WHO Clinical Case Definition Working Group on Post-COVID-19 Condition. A clinical case definition of post-COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22(4):e102–e107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00703-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soriano JB, Murthy S, Marshall JC, Relan P, Diaz JV; WHO Clinical Case Definition Working Group on Post-COVID-19 Condition. A clinical case definition of post-COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22(4):e102–e107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00703-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ballering AV, van Zon SKR, Hartman TCO, Rosmalen JGM. Persistence of somatic symptoms after COVID-19 in the Netherlands: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2022;400(10350):452–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01214-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ballering AV, van Zon SKR, Hartman TCO, Rosmalen JGM. Persistence of somatic symptoms after COVID-19 in the Netherlands: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2022;400(10350):452–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01214-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davis HE, McCorkell L, Vogel JM, Topol EJ. Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2023;21(3):133–146. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-022-00846-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davis HE, McCorkell L, Vogel JM, Topol EJ. Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2023;21(3):133–146. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-022-00846-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arango-Ibanez JP, Córdoba-Melo BD, Gutiérrez Posso JM, Barbosa-Rengifo MM, Herrera CJ, Quintana Da Silva MA et al. Long COVID Clusters of Symptoms Persist beyond Two Years after Infection: Insights from the CARDIO COVID 20-21 Registry. Viruses. 2024;16(7):1028. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arango-Ibanez JP, Córdoba-Melo BD, Gutiérrez Posso JM, BarbosaRengifo MM, Herrera CJ, Quintana Da Silva MA et al. Long COVID Clusters of Symptoms Persist beyond Two Years after Infection: Insights from the CARDIO COVID 20-21 Registry. Viruses. 2024;16(7):1028. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zimmermann P, Pittet LF, Curtis N. How Common is Long COVID in Children and Adolescents? Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021;40(12):e482–e487. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003328.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zimmermann P, Pittet LF, Curtis N. How Common is Long COVID in Children and Adolescents? Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021;40(12):e482–e487. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003328.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kompaniyets L, Bull-Otterson L, Boehmer TK, Baca S, Alvarez P, Hong K et al. Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Conditions Among Children and Adolescents – United States, March 1, 2020-January 31, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71(31):993–999. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7131a3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kompaniyets L, Bull-Otterson L, Boehmer TK, Baca S, Alvarez P, Hong K et al. Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Conditions Among Children and Adolescents – United States, March 1, 2020-January 31, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71(31):993–999. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7131a3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malik P, Patel K, Pinto C, Jaiswal R, Tirupathi R, Pillai S, Patel U. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL)-A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2022;94(1):253–262. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27309.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malik P, Patel K, Pinto C, Jaiswal R, Tirupathi R, Pillai S, Patel U. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL)-A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2022;94(1):253–262. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27309.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеев СН, Адамян ЛВ, Алексеева ЕИ, Багненко СФ, Баранов АА, Баранова НН и др. Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19: временные методические рекомендации. 2025. Режим доступа: https://storage.consultant.ru/site20/202506/19/minzdrav_190625_508.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Авдеев СН, Адамян ЛВ, Алексеева ЕИ, Багненко СФ, Баранов АА, Баранова НН и др. Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19: временные методические рекомендации. 2025. Режим доступа: https://storage.consultant.ru/site20/202506/19/minzdrav_190625_508.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрович ЮС, Алексеева ЕИ, Бакрадзе МД, Баранов АА, Батышева ТТ, Вашакмадзе НД и др. Особенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19) у детей. 2020. Режим доступа: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/050/914/original/03062020_дети_COVID-19_v2.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Александрович ЮС, Алексеева ЕИ, Бакрадзе МД, Баранов АА, Батышева ТТ, Вашакмадзе НД и др. Особенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19) у детей. 2020. Режим доступа: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/050/914/original/03062020_дети_COVID-19_v2.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кривопалов АА, Карнеева ОВ, Ким ИА, Ткачук ИВ, Романенко СГ, Осипенко ЕВ и др. Острый ларингит: клинические рекомендации. 2024. Режим доступа: https://diseases.medelement.com/disease/острый-ларингит-кр-рф-2024/18283.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кривопалов АА, Карнеева ОВ, Ким ИА, Ткачук ИВ, Романенко СГ, Осипенко ЕВ и др. Острый ларингит: клинические рекомендации. 2024. Режим доступа: https://diseases.medelement.com/disease/острый-ларингит-кр-рф-2024/18283.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балыкова ЛА, Ширманкина МВ, Владимиров ДО, Науменко ЕИ, Самошкина ЕС, Чернышова РА. Постковидный синдром у детей и подростков: обзор литературы и описание клинического наблюдения. РМЖ. Мать и дитя. 2022;5(4):366–372. https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-366-372.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balykova LA, Shirmankina MV, Vladimirov DO, Naumenko EI, Samoshkina ES, Chernyshova RA. Post-COVID syndrome in children and adolescents: a literature review and clinical case. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):366–372. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-366-372.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кирюткина АП, Мигачева НБ, Каганова ТИ, Бурмистров ВВ, Гинзбург АС. Возрастной аспект течения новой коронавирусной инфекции в остром и постковидном периоде у детей. Медицинский вестник Юга России. 2024;15(2):90–100. https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2024-15-2-90-100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiryutkina AP, Migacheva NB, Kaganova TI, Burmistrov VV, Ginzburg AS. Age aspect of the course of new coronavirus infection in the acute and postCovid in children. Medical Herald of the South of Russia. 2024;15(2):90–100. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2024-15-2-90-100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юн ВЭ, Ермолаева ЮА, Самойлова ЮГ, Олейник ОА. Новая коронавирусная инфекция: особенности течения у детей. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2022;3(1):361. Режим доступа: https://www.rospedj.ru/jour/article/view/521.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yun VE, Ermolaeva YuA, Samoylova YuG, Oleynik OA. New coronavirus infection: clinical features in children. Russian Pediatric Journal. 2022;3(1):361. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.rospedj.ru/jour/article/view/521.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрович ЮС, Алексеева ЕИ, Бакрадзе МД, Баранов АА, Батышева ТТ, Вашакмадзе НД и др. Особенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19), у детей. Версия 2. Педиатрическая фармакология. 2020;17(3):187–212. https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v17i3.2123.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexandrovich YS, Alekseeva EI, Bakradze MD, Baranov AA, Batysheva TT, Vashakmadze ND et al. Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children. Version 2. Pediatric Pharmacology. 2020;17(3):187–212. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v17i3.2123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малых АЛ, Ибрагимов БА, Малых ДА, Качагин АА. Современные особенности течения новой коронавирусной инфекции у детей и подростков. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2022;(2):88. https://doi.org/10.17513/spno.31545.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malykh AL, Ibragimov BA, Malykh DA, Kachagin AA. Modern features of the course of a new coronavirus infection in children and adolescents. Modern Problems of Science and Education. 2022;(2):88. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17513/spno.31545.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шакмаева МА, Чернова ТМ, Тимченко ВН, Начинкина ТА, Тетюшин КВ, Каплина ТА и др. Особенности новой коронавирусной инфекции у детей разного возраста. Детские инфекции. 2021;20(2):5–9. https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2021-20-2-5-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shakmaeva МА, Chernova TM, Timchenko VN, Nachinkina TA, Tetyushin KV, Kaplina TA et al. Features of a new Сoronavirus infection in children of different ages. Children’s Infections. 2021;20(2):5–9. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2021-20-2-5-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Padua-Zamora AP, Rey KLR, Tan-Lim CSC, Gregorio GEV. Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of COVID-19 in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Acta Med Philipp. 2024;58(7):54–72. https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v58i7.7054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Padua-Zamora AP, Rey KLR, Tan-Lim CSC, Gregorio GEV. Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of COVID-19 in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Acta Med Philipp. 2024;58(7):54–72. https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v58i7.7054.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова ИН, Османов ИМ, Творогова ТМ, Бережная ИВ, Махаева АВ. Постковидный синдром у детей в структуре COVID-19. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2022;(1):8–14. https://doi.org/10.26442/26586630.2022.1.201515.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova IN, Osmanov IM, Tvorogova TM, Berezhnaya IV, Makhaeva AV. Post-covid syndrome in children in rare cases of COVID-19. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2022;(1):8–14. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26442/26586630.2022.1.201515.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколовская ТА. Постковидный синдром у детей: аналитический обзор. Социальные аспекты здоровья населения. 2022;68(6):2. https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-6-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolovskaya TA. Post-COVID syndrome in children: an analytical review. Social Aspects of Population Health. 2022;68(6):2. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-6-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баймухамбетова ДВ, Горина АО, Румянцев МА, Шихалева АА, ЭльТарави ЯА, Бондаренко ЕД и др. Постковидное состояние у взрослых и детей. Пульмонология. 2021;31(5):562–570. https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-562-570.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baimukhambetova DV, Gorina AO, Rumyantsev MA, Shikhaleva AA, ElTaravi YA, Bondarenko ED et al. Post-COVID condition in adults and children. Pulmonologiya. 2021;31(5):562–570. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-562-570.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pazukhina E, Rumyantsev M, Baimukhambetova D, Bondarenko E, Markina N, El-Taravi Y et al.; Sechenov StopCOVID Research Team. Event rates and incidence of post-COVID-19 condition in hospitalised SARSCoV-2 positive children and young people and controls across different pandemic waves: exposure-stratified prospective cohort study in Moscow (StopCOVID). BMC Med. 2024;22(1):48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03221-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pazukhina E, Rumyantsev M, Baimukhambetova D, Bondarenko E, Markina N, El-Taravi Y et al.; Sechenov StopCOVID Research Team. Event rates and incidence of post-COVID-19 condition in hospitalised SARSCoV-2 positive children and young people and controls across different pandemic waves: exposure-stratified prospective cohort study in Moscow (StopCOVID). BMC Med. 2024;22(1):48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03221-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramakrishnan S, Nicolau DV Jr, Langford B, Mahdi M, Jeffers H, Mwasuku C et al. Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 (STOIC): a phase 2, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(7):763–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00160-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramakrishnan S, Nicolau DV Jr, Langford B, Mahdi M, Jeffers H, Mwasuku C et al. Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 (STOIC): a phase 2, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(7):763–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00160-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Camporesi A, Morello R, La Rocca A, Zampino G, Vezzulli F, Munblit D et al. Characteristics and predictors of Long Covid in children: a 3-year prospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2024;76:102815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102815.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Camporesi A, Morello R, La Rocca A, Zampino G, Vezzulli F, Munblit D et al. Characteristics and predictors of Long Covid in children: a 3-year prospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2024;76:102815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102815.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исаева ЕП, Зайцева ОВ, Локшина ЭЭ, Зайцева СВ, Муртазаева ОА, Окороков ПЛ, Зябкин ИВ. Состояние углеводного и липидного обмена у детей после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2022;(3):244–248. https://doi.org/10.26442/26586630.2022.3.201814.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isaeva EP, Zaytseva OV, Lokshina EЕ, Zaytseva SV, Murtazaeva OA, Okorokov PL, Zyabkin IV. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in children after coronavirus disease: Observational study. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2022;(3):244–248. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26442/26586630.2022.3.201814.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cervia C, Zurbuchen Y, Taeschler P, Ballouz T, Menges D, Hasler S et al. Immunoglobulin signature predicts risk of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):446. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27797-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cervia C, Zurbuchen Y, Taeschler P, Ballouz T, Menges D, Hasler S et al. Immunoglobulin signature predicts risk of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):446. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27797-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беляков НА, Симакина ОЕ, Трофимова ТН. Природа и последствия постковидного синдрома. Вестник Новгородского государственного университета. 2022;(1):25–31. https://doi.org/10.34680/2076-8052.2022.1(126).25-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belyakov NA, Simakina OE, Trofimova TN. Nature and consequences of post-covid-19 syndrome. Vestnik of Novgorod State University. 2022;(1):25–31. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.34680/2076-8052.2022.1(126).25-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
