medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2025-461medsovet-9617Research ArticleШКОЛА ПЕДИАТРАPEDIATRICIAN SCHOOLВозможности вскармливания детей с онкологическими заболеваниями с учетом вкусовой чувствительности на амбулаторном этапеThe possibility of feeding children with cancer, taking into account taste sensitivity at the outpatient stagehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-6659ЕвдокимоваТ. А.EvdokimovaT. A.

Евдокимова Татьяна Анатольевна, к.м.н., заведующая отделением клинической диетологии; доцент кафедры диетологии и нутрициологии

119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский переулок, д. 1/9

125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1

Tatiana A. Evdokimova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Clinical Dietetics; Associate Professor of the Department of Dietetics and Nutritionology 

1/9, 4th Dobryninsky Lane, Moscow, 119049

2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993

et2005@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-6899КовтунТ. А.KovtunT. A.

Ковтун Татьяна Анатольевна, к.м.н., ассистент кафедры диетологии и нутрициологии

125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1

Tatiana A. Kovtun, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Dietetics and Nutritionology 

2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993

kovtunfnkc@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-3039АнджельА. Е.AndzhelA. Е.

Анджель Андрей Евгеньевич, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части

119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский переулок, д. 1/9

Andrey Е. Andzhel, Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Affairs

1/9, 4th Dobryninsky Lane, Moscow, 119049

AndzhelAE@zdrav.mos.ruЯблоковаЮ. С.YablokovaYu. S.

Яблокова Юлия Сергеевна, врач-диетолог отделения клинической диетологи

119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский переулок, д. 1/9

Yuliya S. Yablokova, Dietitian at the Department of Clinical Dietetics

1/9, 4th Dobryninsky Lane, Moscow, 119049

Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образованияРоссияMorozovsky Municipal Children Clinical Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian FederationРоссийская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образованияРоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian FederationМорозовская детская городская клиническая больницаРоссияMorozovsky Municipal Children Clinical HospitalRussian Federation202501122025019296–302Copyright © Евдокимова Т.А., Ковтун Т.А., Анджель А.Е., Яблокова Ю.С., 20252025Евдокимова Т.А., Ковтун Т.А., Анджель А.Е., Яблокова Ю.С.Evdokimova T.A., Kovtun T.A., Andzhel A.Е., Yablokova Y.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9617

Рациональное питание играет важнейшую роль в обеспечении гармоничного физического развития и когнитивных способностей младенцев и детей раннего возраста, что актуально в контексте педиатрической онкологии на амбулаторном этапе. Дети с онкологическими заболеваниями могут иметь проблемы с кормлением и нутритивным статусом. Эти состояния требуют мониторинга и нередко незамедлительного вмешательства, а также индивидуального подхода к коррекции. Сложности с питанием детей раннего возраста, страдающих онкологическими заболеваниями, можно условно разделить на несколько категорий. Первая группа включает трудности с потреблением пищи, такие как нарушение жевания, дисфагия и изменения вкусовой чувствительности. Вторая группа связана с аппетитом, включая гипорексию и гиперрексию, избирательный аппетит и страх приема пищи. Третья категория охватывает нарушения в работе желудочно-кишечного тракта и сохраняющиеся метаболические изменения. Четвертая – изменения в структуре питания и формирование порочных пищевых привычек. Все эти проблемы могут существенно повлиять на нутритивный статус детей с онкологическими заболеваниями, что выражается в тканевом дисбалансе, недостатке или избытке массы тела и негативно сказывается на их здоровье и качестве жизни. Причины этих нарушений разнообразны и могут быть связаны как с прямым воздействием онкологического заболевания, так и с побочными эффектами лечения, а также с эмоциональным стрессом. Разработка и внедрение персонализированных программ питания, учитывающих потребности детей раннего возраста, отвечающих всем требованиям по составу, безопасности и вкусовым качествам, а также разработанных на основе научных исследований, являются критически важными компонентами комплексного и мультидисциплинарного подхода при наблюдении за такими пациентами в амбулаторных условиях.

Rational nutrition plays a crucial role in ensuring the harmonious physical development and cognitive abilities of infants and young children, which is relevant in the context of pediatric oncology, at the outpatient stage. Children with cancer may have problems with feeding and nutritional status. These conditions require monitoring and often immediate intervention, as well as an individual approach to correction. The nutritional difficulties of young children suffering from cancer can be roughly divided into several categories. The first group includes difficulties with eating, such as impaired chewing, dysphagia, and changes in taste sensitivity. The second group is associated with appetite, including hyporexia and hyperrexia, selective appetite, and fear of eating. The third category includes disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and persistent metabolic changes. The fourth category is changes in the structure of nutrition and the formation of vicious eating habits. All these problems can significantly affect the nutritional status of children with cancer, which is reflected in tissue imbalance, lack or excess of body weight and negatively affects their health and quality of life. The causes of these disorders are diverse and can be related to both the direct effects of cancer, as well as side effects of treatment, as well as emotional stress. The development and implementation of personalized nutrition programs that take into account the needs of young children, meet all requirements in terms of composition, safety and taste, as well as those developed on the basis of scientific research, are the most important components of an integrated and multidisciplinary approach to monitoring such patients on an outpatient basis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.