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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-379</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9734</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕВМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RHEUMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Артриты, ассоциированные с вирусной инфекцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arthritis associated with viral infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-2054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белов Борис Сергеевич, д.м.н., заведующий лабораторией коморбидных инфекций и вакцинопрофилактики</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris S. Belov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Comorbid Infections and Vaccine Prevention</p><p>34А, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belovbor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4327-6720</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муравьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muravieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муравьева Наталья Валерьевна, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории коморбидных инфекций и вакцинопрофилактики</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Muravieva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Comorbid Infections and Vaccine Prevention</p><p>34А, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n-muravjeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии имени В.А. Насоновой<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>22</issue><fpage>182</fpage><lpage>189</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белов Б.С., Муравьева Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белов Б.С., Муравьева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belov B.S., Muravieva N.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9734">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9734</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирусные инфекции являются повсеместно распространенной причиной возникновения острых или затяжных артритов, часто сопровождающихся лихорадкой, высыпаниями на коже и общими симптомами. Хотя современные знания о патогенезе вирус-ассоциированных артритов имеют ряд пробелов, считается, что эти заболевания развиваются в результате нескольких взаимодополняющих механизмов, включая прямое вирусное воздействие, иммунокомплексное воспаление, индукцию синтеза провоспалительных цитокинов, а также развитие или усиление аутоиммунных нарушений посредством ряда механизмов, включающих молекулярную мимикрию, активацию в присутствии свидетеля или распространение эпитопа. Некоторые из вирусных артритов, индуцированные, например, парвовирусом В19, вирусом краснухи, гепатита В и SARS-CoV-2, могут имитировать ранний ревматоидный артрит, но излечиваются без последствий в течение нескольких недель при отсутствии специфической терапии. Другие, как тропические альфавирусы, скорее ведут к затяжным, соответственно, хроническим артритам, которые в данный момент в умеренных широтах могут представлять большую диагностическую проблему у заболевших туристов, возвратившихся на родину. Артриты или артралгии являются основным клиническим симптомом, указывающим на серьезную инфекцию эпидемического характера (например артриты, индуцированные альфа-вирусами, ВИЧ-ассоциированные артриты). С учетом изложенного ревматологам (равно и клиницистам других специальностей) следует сохранять настороженность в отношении вирусной этиологии острых артритов. Вместе с тем представляется принципиально важным своевременное разграничение вирус-опосредованного артрита и системного ревматического заболевания, поскольку последнее может потребовать раннего назначения специфических болезнь-модифицирующих препаратов. В настоящем обзоре представлены основные характеристики наиболее распространенных вирусов и особенности поражения опорно-двигательного аппарата при данных инфекциях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Viral infections are a widespread cause of acute or prolonged arthritis, often accompanied by fever, skin rashes, and general symptoms. Although current knowledge about the pathogenesis of virus-associated arthritis has a number of gaps, it is believed that these diseases develop as a result of several complementary mechanisms, including direct viral exposure, immunocomplex inflammation, induction of proinflammatory cytokine synthesis, and the development or intensification of autoimmune disorders through a number of mechanisms, including molecular mimicry, bystander activation, or epitope spreading. Some of the viral arthritis induced, for example, by parvovirus B19, rubella virus, hepatitis B, and SARS-CoV-2, can mimic early rheumatoid arthritis, but are treated without consequences within a few weeks in the absence of specific therapy. Others, such as tropical alphaviruses, are more likely to lead to prolonged, respectively, chronic arthritis, which at the moment in temperate latitudes may pose a major diagnostic problem for tourists who have fallen ill and returned to their homeland. Arthritis or arthralgia is the main clinical symptom indicating a serious infection of an epidemic nature (for example, alpha-virus-induced arthritis, HIV-associated arthritis). In view of the above, rheumatologists (as well as clinicians of other specialties) should remain vigilant about the viral etiology of acute arthritis. At the same time, it is very important to distinguish between virus-mediated arthritis and systemic rheumatic disease in a timely manner, since the latter may require the early appointment of specific diseasemodifying drugs. This review presents the main characteristics of the most common viruses and the features of damage to the musculoskeletal system in these infections.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артрит</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита В</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита С</kwd><kwd>парвовирус B 19</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd><kwd>альфа-вирусы</kwd><kwd>вирус краснухи</kwd><kwd>человеческий Т-клеточный лимфотропный вирус типа I</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arthritis</kwd><kwd>hepatitis B virus</kwd><kwd>hepatitis C virus</kwd><kwd>parvovirus B 19</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd><kwd>alpha viruses</kwd><kwd>rubella virus</kwd><kwd>human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья подготовлена в рамках научно-исследовательской работы ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии имени В.А. Насоновой», номер государственного задания РК 125020301268-4</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This article has been prepared as part of the research work of Nasonova Research Institute of Reumatology under State Assignment No. RK 125020301268-4</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">, Vassilopoulos D, Calabrese LH. Virally associated arthritis 2008: clinical, epidemiologic, and pathophysiologic considerations. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10(5):215. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2480.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1, Vassilopoulos D, Calabrese LH. Virally associated arthritis 2008: clinical, epidemiologic, and pathophysiologic considerations. 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