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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-558</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9748</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение прямых оральных антикоагулянтов: фокус на режим дозирования и чистую клиническую пользу</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of direct oral anticoagulants: Focus on dosing schedule and net clinical benefit</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5130-5192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>Е. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медведева Елена Александровна, к.м.н., заведующая отделом стратегического развития кардиологической службы в регионах Управления по реализации федеральных проектов, доцент кафедры кардиологии факультета послевузовского и дополнительного образования Института медицинского образования</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena А. Medvedeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Strategic Development of Cardiology Services in the Regions of the Office for the Implementation of Federal Projects, Associate Professor of the Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Postgraduate and Continuing Education, Institute of Medical Education</p><p>2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena5583@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-2962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виллевальде</surname><given-names>C. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Villevalde</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виллевальде Светлана Вадимовна, д.м.н., профессор, начальник службы анализа и перспективного планирования Управления по реализации федеральных проектов, заведующая кафедрой кардиологии факультета послевузовского и дополнительного образования Института медицинского образования</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Villevalde, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Analysis and Long-term Planning Service of the Office for the Implementation of Federal Projects, Head of the Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Education, Institute of Medical Education</p><p>2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">villevaldes@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>23</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Медведева Е.A., Виллевальде C.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Медведева Е.A., Виллевальде C.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Medvedeva E.A., Villevalde S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9748">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9748</self-uri><abstract><p>Оценка чистой клинической пользы при применении антикоагулянтной терапии является важным инструментом для сравнения тромбоэмболических и геморрагических рисков. Чистая клиническая польза прямых оральных антикоагулянтов (ПОАК) превосходит таковую для варфарина и определяет их значимое преимущество у разных категорий пациентов. Режим дозирования ПОАК (однократный или двукратный) оказывает влияние на пиковые значения и поддержание концентрации препарата в плазме крови, что имеет особое значение при пропуске или приеме лишней дозы пациентом. Двукратный режим дозирования ПОАК представляется более безопасным ввиду меньшей вариабельности концентрации препарата и по ряду данных имеет более благоприятный профиль чистой клинической пользы, определяемой как тромботическими, так и геморрагическими рисками. Различные ПОАК имеют свои фармакокинетические особенности, межиндивидуальную и внутрииндивидуальную вариабельность концентрации в плазме. Необходимо учитывать, что на степень ингибирования Xа-фактора оказывает влияние не только режим применения, доза препарата и его характеристики, но и фенотипические особенности пациентов. Перспективными представляются дальнейшие исследования, направленные на применение персонализированного подхода к антикоагулянтной терапии. Приверженность пациентов к ПОАК определяется множеством факторов и, по современным данным, отличается как среди препаратов с однократным, так и двукратным применением, что больше свидетельствует о роли самой молекулы и связанных с ней переносимостью и побочными эффектами. Апиксабан продемонстрировал наибольшую клиническую пользу для пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий как по данным рандомизированных контролируемых исследований, так и реальной клинической практики, реализуемую за счет наибольшего снижения риска больших геморрагических осложнений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Evaluation of the net clinical benefit of anticoagulant therapy is an important tool that helps compare thromboembolic and hemorrhagic risks. The net clinical benefit of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) exceeds that of warfarin and demonstrates their significant advantage in various patient categories. The dosing schedule of DOACs (once or twice daily) influences peak plasma drug concentrations and continuity of their action, which is particularly important if a patient misses or takes an extra dose incidentally. Twice daily dosing of DOACs may be safer due to less variability in drug concentrations and, according to some data, has a more favorable net clinical benefit profile determined by both thrombotic and hemorrhagic risks. Different DOACs have their own pharmacokinetic properties and interand intra-individual variability in plasma concentrations. It should be considered that the degree of factor Xa inhibition is not only influenced by the administration schedule, dosage, and characteristics of the drug, but also by the phenotypic characteristics of the patients. Further studies exploring the personalized approach to anticoagulant therapy appear promising. Patient adherence to DOACs is determined by multiple factors and, according to current data, varies between medications for once-daily (QD) vs. twice-daily (BID) dosing, which suggests more of a role of the molecule itself and its associated tolerability and side effects. Apixaban has demonstrated the greatest clinical benefit for patients with atrial fibrillation, both in randomized controlled trials and in real-world clinical practice, due to the greatest reduction in the risk of major hemorrhagic complications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двукратный прием</kwd><kwd>приверженность</kwd><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd><kwd>клиническая польза</kwd><kwd>апиксабан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>twice daily</kwd><kwd>adherence</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd><kwd>clinical benefit</kwd><kwd>apixaban</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kadhim H, Jansson M, Själander S, Sjögren V, Björck F, Renlund H et al. Increased direct oral anticoagulant use and event rates in non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a nationwide retrospective registry study in Sweden. 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