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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2025-545</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9753</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕВРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференциальная диагностика головокружений и симптоматическая терапия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differential diagnosis of dizziness and symptomatic therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-6970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабиров</surname><given-names>Ф. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabirov</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабиров Фарит Ахатович, д.м.н., профессор кафедры неврологии</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Farit A. Khabirov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Neurology</p><p>36, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">farit.habirov@tatar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-8934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарафутдинова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharafutdinova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарафутдинова Гузель Марсовна, к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры неврологии</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel M. Sharafutdinova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department Department of Neurology</p><p>36, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guzel29@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-5065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабичева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babicheva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабичева Наталья Николаевна, к.м.н., врач-невролог</p><p>420021, Казань, ул. Адоратского, д. 30A</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya N. Babicheva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Neurologist</p><p>30A, Adoratsky St., Kazan, 420021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalja-babicheva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7948-2035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайбуллина</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaibullina</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хайбуллина Асия Рустамовна, ассистент кафедры неврологии, Казанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования; врач-невролог, Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр по демиелинизирующим заболеваниям</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36,</p><p>420021, Казань, ул. Адоратского, д. 30A</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiya R. Khaibullina, Associate Professor of the Department Department of Neurology, Kazan State Medical Academy – a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Neurologist, Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center for Demyelinating Diseases</p><p>36, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012,</p><p>30A, Adoratsky St., Kazan, 420021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asya-kazan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5009-6683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайбуллин</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaibullin</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хайбуллин Тимур Ильдусович, к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры неврологии, Казанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования; врач-невролог, Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр по демиелинизирующим заболеваниям</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36,</p><p>420021, Казань, ул. Адоратского, д. 30A</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur I. Khaibullin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department Department of Neurology, Kazan State Medical Academy – a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Neurologist, Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center for Demyelinating Diseases</p><p>36, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012,</p><p>30A, Adoratsky St., Kazan, 420021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timuur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-5008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочергина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochergina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочергина Ольга Сергеевна, к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры неврологии</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Kochergina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department Department of Neurology</p><p>36, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yukon0702@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy – a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр по демиелинизирующим заболеваниям</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center for Demyelinating Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования;&#13;
Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр по демиелинизирующим заболеваниям</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy – a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; &#13;
Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center for Demyelinating Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>23</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хабиров Ф.A., Шарафутдинова Г.М., Бабичева Н.Н., Хайбуллина А.Р., Хайбуллин Т.И., Кочергина О.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хабиров Ф.A., Шарафутдинова Г.М., Бабичева Н.Н., Хайбуллина А.Р., Хайбуллин Т.И., Кочергина О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khabirov F.A., Sharafutdinova G.M., Babicheva N.N., Khaibullina A.R., Khaibullin T.I., Kochergina O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9753">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9753</self-uri><abstract><p>Чувство головокружения – одна из наиболее распространенных причин обращения к специалистам различных направлений. Однако, несмотря на кажущуюся ясность, пациенты описывают под этим термином широкий спектр ощущений: от потери равновесия и неуверенности при движении до ощущений покачивания, дурноты, предобморочного состояния, «тяжести в голове» и проблем с координацией. Зачастую пациенту сложно четко сформулировать свои жалобы, и он одновременно приводит несколько разных определений своего состояния. Конкретизация жалоб бывает затруднительной, что осложняет диагностику и определение причины головокружения. Поэтому в современной практике используется алгоритм диагностики, включающий оценку вестибулярного синдрома по характеру (острый, периодический, постоянный), выявление провоцирующих факторов, анализ сопутствующих симптомов, а также физикальное обследование, и при необходимости – дополнительные методы диагностики. На примере разбора клинического случая пациентки с рассеянным склерозом, обратившейся первоначально с жалобами на головокружение, показана сложность диагностики данного состояния. В терапии головокружений первостепенная задача – быстрое и эффективное устранение симптомов. Принимая во внимание частое наличие сопутствующих заболеваний, требующих одновременного приема нескольких лекарств, преимущество отдается комбинированным препаратам. Одним из таких препаратов является фиксированная комбинация дименгидринта 40 мг + циннаризин 20 мг (препарат Арлеверт®). Демингидринат и циннаризин в низких дозировках усиливают эффект друг друга при совместном применении, при этом нежелательные явления минимальны. Благодаря разным механизмам и локализации действия компонентов (периферическое действие циннаризина и центральное действие дименгидрината) Арлеверт® является единственным препаратом от головокружения, обладающим синергичным действием в периферических и центральных отделах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Dizziness is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical attention from specialists in various fields. However, despite its apparent clarity, patients describe a wide range of sensations under this term: from loss of balance and uncertainty when moving to swaying, lightheadedness, pre-syncope, “heaviness in the head”, and coordination problems. Patients often struggle to clearly articulate their complaints and offer several different definitions of their condition. Specifying complaints can be difficult, which complicates diagnosis and determining the cause of dizziness. Therefore, modern practice uses a diagnostic algorithm that includes assessing the nature of vestibular syndrome (acute, intermittent, or persistent), identifying triggering factors, analyzing associated symptoms, performing a physical examination, and, if necessary, additional diagnostic methods. A clinical case study of a patient with multiple sclerosis who initially presented with complaints of dizziness illustrates the complexity of diagnosing this condition. In the treatment of dizziness, the primary goal is rapid and effective symptom relief. Given the frequent presence of comorbidities requiring the simultaneous use of multiple medications, combination medications are preferred. One such drug is the fixed-dose combination of dimenhydrinate 40 mg and cinnarizine 20 mg (Arlevert). Low doses of dimenhydrinate and cinnarizine enhance each other’s effects when used together, with minimal adverse effects. Due to the different mechanisms and locations of action of the components (peripheral action of cinnarizine and central action of dimenhydrinate), Arlevert is the only anti-dizzy medication with synergistic action in both peripheral and central areas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>головокружение</kwd><kwd>нарушение равновесия</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>симптоматическое лечение</kwd><kwd>комбинированный препарат дименгидрината с циннаризином</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dizziness</kwd><kwd>imbalance</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>symptomatic treatment</kwd><kwd>combination drug of dimenhydrinate with cinnarizine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brandt T, Dieterich M, Strupp M. Vertigo and Dizziness – Common Complaints. 2nd ed. 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