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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2026-052</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-9903</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АЛЛЕРГОЛОГИЯ И ИММУНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ALLERGOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности иммунодиагностики туберкулеза у детей и подростков с онкологическими заболеваниями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The potential of immunodiagnostics for tuberculosis in children and adolescents with oncological diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0637-7955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Ирина Анатольевна - д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой фтизиатрии Института клинической медицины, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова; директор, НМИЦ фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1; 127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Vasilyeva - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Phthisiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Director, National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases.</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997; 4, Bldg. 2, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasil39@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-1177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романенко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романенко Валентина Александровна - врач-фтизиатр детского туберкулезного отделения.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Romanenko - Phthisiologist of the Children’s Tuberculosis Department, National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases.</p><p>4, Bldg. 2, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanenkova_07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0973-3289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клевно</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klevno</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клевно Надежда Ивановна - д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник детско-подросткового отдела, НМИЦ фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний; профессор кафедры фтизиопульмонологии и торакальной хирургии имени М.И. Перельмана Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); профессор кафедры фтизиатрии, МОНИКИ им. М.Ф. Владимирского.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda I. Klevno - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher of the Child and Adolescent Department, National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases; Professor of the Perelman Department of Phthisiopulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Professor of the Department of Phthisiology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky.</p><p>4, Bldg. 2, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473; 8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048; 61/2, Bldg. 1, Schepkin St., Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.i.klevno@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-545X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казаков Алексей Владимирович - д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник научного детско-подросткового отдела, НМИЦ фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний; профессор кафедры фтизиатрии, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 2; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Kazakov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher of the Child and Adolescent Department, National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases; Professor of the Department of Phthisiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>4, Bldg. 2, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473; 1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeykazakov1982@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-4467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудлай</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudlay</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудлай Дмитрий Анатольевич - чл.-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор кафедры фармакологии Института фармации, ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); профессор кафедры фармакогнозии и промышленной фармации факультета фундаментальной медицины, МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории персонализированной медицины и молекулярной иммунологии №71, ГНЦ «Институт иммунологии» ФМБА.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; 119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1; 115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Kudlay - Corr. Member RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Professor of the Department of Pharmacognosy and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Immunology No. 71, National Research Center – Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; 1, Lenin Hills, Moscow, 119991; 24, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">D624254@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-8958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Докторова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doktorova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Докторова Наталья Петровна - к.м.н., научный сотрудник научного отдела дифференциальной диагностики и лечения туберкулеза и сочетанных инфекций.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, 4, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia P. Doktorova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher of the Department of Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis and Comorbid Infections, National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases.</p><p>4, Bldg. 2, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drndok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт имени М.Ф. Владимирского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова; Государственный научный центр «Институт иммунологии» Федерального медико-биологического агентства<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Lomonosov Moscow State University; National Research Center – Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>202</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева И.А., Романенко В.А., Клевно Н.И., Казаков А.В., Кудлай Д.А., Докторова Н.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева И.А., Романенко В.А., Клевно Н.И., Казаков А.В., Кудлай Д.А., Докторова Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva I.A., Romanenko V.A., Klevno N.I., Kazakov A.V., Kudlay D.A., Doktorova N.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9903">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/9903</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время сохраняется высокий интерес к скринингу и лечению латентной туберкулезной инфекции как к возможному средству достижения контроля над глобальной эпидемией туберкулеза, особенно у детей и подростков в группах риска по развитию туберкулезного процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить информативность иммунодиагностических тестов при выявлении и диагностике туберкулеза у детей и подростков с онкологическими заболеваниями.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ медицинской документации 105 детей с туберкулезом в возрасте от 6 мес. до 17 лет включительно, обследованных в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ФПИ» МЗ РФ и ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Д. Рогачева» МЗ РФ за период с 2018 по 2025 г. Выделены две группы: 52 пациента – дети с туберкулезом и онкологическими заболеваниями (основная группа) и 53 пациента – дети с туберкулезным процессом без онкологических заболеваний (контрольная группа). Всем пациентам обеих групп были проведены иммунодиагностические тесты. Оценивали результаты кожных проб в динамике: за 1 год до развития туберкулеза (для детей старше 1 года), за 6 мес. до выявления туберкулеза; на фоне развития туберкулеза; на фоне клинического излечения туберкулеза; через 6 мес. после клинического излечения туберкулеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У детей в основной группе отмечено снижение чувствительности внутрикожных проб: чувствительность пробы Манту (ПМ) с 2 ТЕ составила 53,85% (p &lt; 0,01); пробы с аллергеном туберкулезным рекомбинантным (АТР) – 63,46% (p &lt; 0,01). Положительные реакции чаще регистрировали при использовании тестов IGRA (ELISPOT и ELISA) – 69,23% (p &lt; 0,01) и 65,38% (p &lt; 0,01) соответственно. Отрицательная анергия была характерна для детей с гемобластозами, злокачественными заболеваниями центральной нервной системы и костей и диссеминированным (генерализованным) туберкулезом.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У детей и подростков с онкологическими заболеваниями отмечается снижение информативности всех иммунодиагностических тестов, причем внутрикожные туберкулиновые пробы (ПМ с 2 ТЕ) у данных пациентов характеризуются более низкой чувствительностью при выявлении туберкулеза по сравнению с IGRA-тестами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Currently, there is sustained high interest in screening for and treating latent tuberculosis infection as a potential measure for controlling the global tuberculosis epidemic, especially in children and adolescents at risk of developing tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the informative value of immunodiagnostic tests for the detection and diagnosis of tuberculosis in children and adolescents with oncological diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A review was conducted of the medical documentation of 105 children with tuberculosis, aged 6 months to 17 years inclusive, who were examined at the National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases and the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology between 2018 and 2025. Two groups were identified: 52 patients – children with tuberculosis and oncological diseases (study group), and 53 patients – children with tuberculosis but without oncological diseases (control group). All patients in both groups underwent immunodiagnostic testing. The results of skin tests were assessed dynamically: 1 year prior to the development of tuberculosis (for children older than 1 year), 6 months prior to the diagnosis of tuberculosis, during the active phase of tuberculous, at the time of clinical cure of tuberculosis, and 6 months after clinical cure of tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In children in the main group, а decrease in the sensitivity of intradermal tests was observed: the sensitivity of the Mantoux test (MT) with 2 TU was 53.85% (p &lt; 0.01); the test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen (RTA) showed a sensitivity of 63.46% (p &lt; 0.01). Positive reactions were more frequently recorded with IGRA tests (ELISPOT и ELISA), which demonstrated sensitivities of 69.23% (p &lt; 0.01) and 65.38% (p &lt; 0.01), respectively. Negative anergy was typical for children with hemoblastosis, malignant diseases of the central nervous system and bones, and disseminated (generalized) tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In children and adolescents with cancer, there is a decrease in the informative value of all immunodiagnostic tests, and intradermal samples (PM with 2 TE) in these patients are characterized by a lower sensitivity in detecting tuberculosis compared with IGRA tests.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>онкологические заболевания</kwd><kwd>иммунодиагностические пробы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>oncological diseases</kwd><kwd>immunodiagnostic tests</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильева ИА, Белиловский ЕМ, Борисов СЕ, Стерликов СА. Глобальные отчеты всемирной организации здравоохранения по туберкулезу: формирование и интерпретация. Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2017;95(5):7–16. 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