The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation and federal districts

Abstract

Over the past 40 years, the incidence of skin melanoma in the world has increased approximately 3-fold.

To study the current epidemiological situation of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation, data on the absolute, coarse and standardized incidence rates of melanoma (S43) in the male and female populations were analyzed. The specific gravity of the melanoma patients detected actively was analyzed at different stages of the tumor process who died within the first year since the diagnosis was established between 2006–2016.

The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian population is characterized by a constant increase of indexes, the average annual rate of increase in the incidence of the Russian Federation’s population of melanoma is 2 times higher than that of the general oncological morbidity. A higher average annual rate and a general increase in the incidence of SM is recorded in the male population. Only every 4th patient in the RF is detected actively, despite the fact that melanoma is a tumor of visual localization. In general, only one third of patients with skin melanoma (32.8%) are diagnosed in the first stage of the tumor process in the Russian Federation. Over the period from 2006 to 2016 in Russia, the indicators of neglect on skin melanoma significantly decreased by 40.6%, however they remain at an unacceptably high level. The index of the first-year lethality from skin melanoma in Russia for the period from 2006 to 2016 decreased by 26.01%.

To improve the index of active detection of patients with SM, especially in the early stages, it is necessary to create a system for interaction of primary contact physicians with the patient (dermatovenerologists, cosmetologists, therapists) with the oncological service, the formation of on-alertness among physicians of all specialties, and among the population.