Роль триглицеридно-глюкозного индекса в определении сердечно-сосудистого и метаболического прогноза у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2-го типа

Сахарный диабет 2-го типа представляет глобальную медико-социальную проблему, которая по охвату населения во всем мире приобретает масштабы пандемии. Основной причиной преждевременной смерти у пациентов с СД2 являются заболевания со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы. Наличие СД связано с увеличением риска развития ишемической болезни сердца в 2–4 раза, а каждый шестой пациент имеет признаки перенесенного инфаркта миокарда в прошлом. Опасность развития АССЗ у  пациентов с  СД2  заключается в  раннем начале, быстром прогрессировании и  бессимптомном течении. Известно, что у пациентов с СД2 АССЗ развиваются на 8–10 лет раньше по сравнению с людьми той же возрастной группы, но  не  обремененными диабетом. Наряду с  хронической гипергликемией, независимым фактором риска СС-осложнений у  пациентов с  СД2  является дислипидемия, которая встречается у  30–40% больных. Инсулинорезистентность, состояние хронической гипергликемии, дислипидемия играют ключевую роль в развитии метаболического синдрома и атеросклероза. Индекс TyG и параметр не-ЛВП-ХС убедительно зарекомендовали себя в качестве предикторов развития ССЗ, а также маркеров, отражающих признаки наличия независимых факторов метаболического синдрома, повышающих риск ССЗ. Проведенные клинические исследования подтвердили прогностическую ценность данных параметров в  отношении ССЗ. Настоящий обзор посвящен патогенезу, механизмам развития и методам коррекции липидных нарушений, лежащих в основе развития кардиоваскулярных осложнений у пациентов с СД2.

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