Изменения скелетных мышц при сахарном диабете

Сахарный диабет – это группа метаболических (обменных) заболеваний, характеризующихся хронической гипергликемией, количество больных сахарным диабетом ежегодно растет во всем мире. Частота микрои макрососудистых диабетических осложнений постепенно увеличивается по мере прогрессирования заболевания. В последние годы большое внимание уделяется влиянию сахарного диабета на состояние скелетных мышц. Структурно-функциональные и метаболические нарушения в скелетных мышцах, возникающие при старении организма, характерны и для больных сахарным диабетом, но проявляются в более раннем возрасте. Хроническая гипергликемия может ускорять процессы старения и играть решающую роль в возникновении диабетической миопатии, характерными признаками которой являются уменьшение мышечной массы, слабость и атрофия скелетных мышц, боль, нарушения чувствительности и даже квадриплегия в тяжелых случаях. Патофизиологическим признаком диабетической атрофии мышц является снижение синтеза мышечных белков и усиление их деградации. Изучение молекулярных механизмов диабетической миопатии позволит разработать эффективные методы профилактики и лечения, однако достижение и поддержание целевых значений гликемии играет решающую роль в обеспечении здоровья скелетных мышц, что позволит достичь снижения уровня инвалидизации и улучшить качество жизни пациентов. Усовершенствованные модели глюкометров, оснащенные рядом дополнительных функций, позволяют проводить структурированный самоконтроль гликемии, анализировать полученные данные и обеспечивать своевременную коррекцию терапии, активно вовлекать пациентов в процесс управления сахарным диабетом, что значительно повысит эффективность управления заболевания, позволит снизить риск возникновения и прогрессирования осложнений у пациентов с сахарным диабетом.

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