The inhalation therapy of moderate forms of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

Epidemiological studies conducted throughout the world show that the inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are the leading cause of otorhinolaryngology (ENT) hospital admissions and outpatient clinic referral. Although the most common cause of acute rhinosinusitis is viral infection, antibiotics are prescribed in more than 80% of cases, which may lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance. The topical inhalation therapy with PARI SINUS device (сompressor Pari Sinus and Pari LC Sinus nebuliser) may provide better treatment options for patients who suffer from the diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of topical inhalation treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis using pulsating aerosol in comparison with systemic antibiotic therapy. Materials and methods. 60 adult patients at the age from 19 to 62 years with the diagnosis uncomplicated moderate acute bacterial rhinosinusitis has been included in opened randomized controlled trial. 30 patients have been treated with nasal nebulizer inhalation with N-acetyl-cysteine in combination with thiamphenicol on 500 mg once daily for 7 days using pulsating aerosol. Pulsating aerosol was obtained by PARI SINUS device. Controls - 30 patients have been treated with antibiotic therapy of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis using 875/125 mg oral amoxicillin/clavulanate twice daily for 7 days. The result was evaluated by the dynamics of the symptoms of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (nasal congestion, blockage, facial pain and reduction of smell), active anterior rhinomanometry and nasal endoscopy. Results. For main symptoms of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis was no significant benefit of antibiotic therapy as compared to topical inhalation therapy using pulsating aerosol. Both treatment options were effective against acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, which is confirmed by the improvement of symptoms, active anterior rhinomanometry and nasal endoscopy. Conclusion. The topical nebulizer therapy of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis may provide better treatment options, because systemic antibiotics can be associated with different adverse effects.

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