Prevention options of toxic drug-induced liver disease in patients with chemotherapy of oncological diseases

Today, oncological diseases are an important social problem, as they occupy leading positions in the structure of mortality, lead to increased disability, reduced working capacity and quality of life of a significant part of the population worldwide. Among the methods used to treat malignant neoplasms, chemotherapy has been actively used in recent years. Its popularity is associated with the development and implementation of new chemotherapeutic drugs that can improve the prognosis, increase the duration and quality of life of patients. To date, more than 150 antitumor agents have been used in clinical practice, new therapeutic regimens have been tested, which allows expanding the possibilities and improving the results of treatment of cancer patients. However, the development of drug-induced liver damage in cancer patients on the background of chemotherapeutic treatment remains an extremely important problem of modern oncology. On the one hand, it is not always possible to cancel a chemotherapeutic drug because of the high risk of disease progression. On the other hand, continued therapy can lead to serious and irreversible damage to a number of body systems, including the liver. So, according to various authors, gastrointestinal toxicity is observed in more than 90% of cases against chemotherapy. A similar complication is associated with the ability of antitumor drugs to exert cytotoxic and cytostatic effects, but not only on malignant cells. It is known that antitumor drugs are active both in relation to malignant cells and in healthy cells, which is manifested by clinically significant side effects. In this connection, it is necessary to actively introduce methods of primary and secondary prevention of toxic liver damage in the practice of chemotherapeutic treatment in cancer patients.

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