Structure of risk factors, comorbid conditions and emotional disorders in patients with myocardial infarction with atrial fibrillation

Introduction: the majority of patients with cardiovascular diseases in real medical practice are characterized by a combination of two or more diseases and conditions, that is, comorbidity. This places additional demands on the observation and treatment of this category of patients.
Objective: to assess risk factors, the structure of comorbid conditions and the severity of psychoemotional disorders in patients with myocardial infarction with various forms of atrial fibrillation.
Materials and methods: 138 patients (63 men, 75 women) who were hospitalized in the cardiology department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 7 GBUZ with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction with atrial fibrillation were examined. Depending on the form of atrial fibrillation, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1^st consisted of 83 (60,1%) patients with a paroxysmal form, the 2^nd group – 55 (39,9%) with a constant form. The examination was carried out in the first three days of hospitalization of patients.
Results: in patients with myocardial infarction with a paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation, the structure of risk factors is dominated by an average degree of nicotine addiction, dangerous alcohol consumption, high salt intake and excess body weight, and with a constant form of atrial fibrillation, a mostly weak and high degree of nicotine addiction, harmful alcohol consumption and obesity.
Conclusion: in patients with myocardial infarction with a paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation, the predominant risk factors are: dangerous alcohol consumption, high salt intake and overweight combined with depressive disorders in the form of subclinical and clinical depression, and with a constant form of atrial fibrillation, a high degree of nicotinic dependence and mild anxiety disorders: subclinically and clinically severe anxiety, which must be taken into account when carrying out preventive, rehabilitation measures and the solution of expert issues.

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