Оксидативный стресс сперматозоидов: клиническое значение и коррекция

Одной из ведущих причин нарушения функции сперматозоидов является оксидативный стресс. Избыточная концентрация активных форм кислорода приводит к повреждению мембран сперматозоидов и нарушению целостности их ДНК, что отражается не только на вероятности наступления беременности естественным путем, но и на результатах применения вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий и риске невынашивания беременности. Сперматозоиды крайне уязвимы перед оксидативным стрессом, учитывая ограниченный функциональный запас их антиоксидантных систем и аппарата репарации ДНК. Часто причиной появления активных форм кислорода являются факторы образа жизни, большинство из которых являются модифицируемыми. Как модификация образа жизни, так и применение антиоксидантных биологически активных добавок являются адекватными и совместимыми друг с другом способами борьбы с мужским бесплодием, ассоциированным с оксидативным стрессом. Поиск других внутренних и внешних источников активных форм кислорода, выявление этиологии оксидативного стресса и  лечение соответствующих заболеваний необходимы для успешной регуляции окислительно- восстановительных процессов в мужской репродуктивной системе в клинической практике, что необходимо не только для преодоления бесплодия, но и для предотвращения индуцированных эпигенетических нарушений у последующих поколений. В статье проанализированы молекулярные механизмы мужского идиопатического бесплодия. Авторы предлагают обзор способов предотвращения оксидативного стресса как одной из причин субфебрильности. В статье представлен обзор средств современной фармакотерапии, а также возможностей устранения последствий влияния активных форм кислорода на сперматогенез и мужскую репродуктивную систему в целом.

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