Enoxaparin sodium as a drug of choice for the treatment of thrombosis in oncology

Introduction. Patients with cancer are more likely to develop thromboembolic complications, and the occurrence of thrombosis complicates the course of anticancer treatment and worsens the survival rate of cancer patients. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) is the first choice for the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis, as there is extensive evidence on the efficacy and safety of LMWH in cancer patients based on current knowledge.

Materials and methods. There were 190 cancer patients under our supervision at various stages of complex treatment. Of these, 70  patients with acute thrombosis and pulmonary embolism  (PE) who received therapeutic doses of  enoxaparin  sodium. Assessment of hemostasis parameters was carried out using an automatic analyzer. The patients underwent duplex angioscanning of the vessels of the lower extremities.

Results and discussion. The use of enoxaparin sodium in cancer patients with thrombosis reduced the intensity of intravascular coagulation with a decrease in the concentration of fibrinogen and markers of intravascular coagulation. According to the ultrasound study, venous thrombosis was not detected, or recanalization of the vessel lumen occurred, in no case did PE develop. Eight patients retained high levels of D-dimer (> 2 μg/ml) and von Willebrand factor, which were unfavorable prognostic signs. In these patients, recurrence of venous thrombosis was observed, which required a more prolonged and persistent treatment of thrombotic complications.

Conclusion. Enoxaparin sodium is an effective and safe drug for the treatment of thrombosis in oncology. 

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