Post-covid syndrome: psychoneurological disorders in focus
https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-21-88-94
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus infection pandemic has spread all over the world millions of people have been recovered from it that makes necessary the research of their health status after the acute infection phase. The accumulated data about previous coronavirus epidemics showed their prolonged impacton the nervous system with the manifestation of mental and neurological symptoms. Specialists from different countries from the beginning of the pandemic have revealed typical symptoms in patients recovered from coronavirus infection with negative tests still complained on residual respiratory, gastroenterological and psychoneurological symptoms that manifested with asthenic, cognitive, dissomnic and affective disorders, anosmia and changes in taste preferences. No correlation between infection severity and symptoms set in the reconvalescence period has been found. Different countries have been used different terms to describe it like prolonged, long, chronic covid.The leading medical centers have made their impact in this problem analysis During the two recent years a big international research base, including the data from electronic medical histories has been accumulated concerning COVID 19 reconvalescents health status. WHO has presented the postcovid 19 syndrome work definition, in its structure psychoneurological symptoms such as asthenia, anxietydepressive and cognitive disorders, insomnia play an important role. The healthcare provision for the patients with postcovid syndrome remains the issue needed further elaboration , the most promising treatment plan seems the combination of pharmacotherapy with psychosocial interventions. Tofizopam as a drug with anxiolytic, secondary precognitive and aniastenic effects can be recommended for the postocovid syndrome psychoneurological symptoms.
About the Author
A. V. Vasileva
Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna V. Vasileva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of International Department, Chief Researcher of Department of Borderline Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Professor of Department of Psychotherapy, Medical Psychology and Sexology
3, Bekhterev St., St Petersburg, 192019
41, Kirochnaya St., St Petersburg, 191015
References
1. Rogers J.P., Chesney E., Oliver D., Pollak T.A., McGuire P., Fusar-Poli P. et al. Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(7):611–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30203-0.
2. Munblit D., Nicholson T., Needham D.M., Seylanova N., Parr C., Chen J. et al. Studying the post-COVID-19 condition: research challenges, strategies, and importance of Core Outcome Set development. BMC Med. 2022;20(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02222-y.
3. Long Q., Li J., Hu X., Bai Y., Zheng Y., Gao Z. Follow-ups on persistent symptoms and pulmonary function among post-acute COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med. 2021;(8):702635. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.702635.
4. Shah W., Hillman T., Playford E.D., Hishmeh L. Managing the long term effects of COVID-19: summary of NICE, SIGN, and RCGP rapid guideline. BMJ. 2021;(372):n136. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n136.
5. Yong S.J. Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome: putative pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments. Infect Dis (Lond). 2021;53(10):737–754. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2021.1924397.
6. Петрова Н.Н., Кудряшов А.В., Матвиевская О.В., Мухин А.А., Лаврова В.А., Чумаков Е.М. и др. Депрессивные состояния в структуре постковидного синдрома: особенности и терапия. Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М. Бехтерева. 2022;56(1):16–24. https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2022-56-1-16-24. Petrova N.N., Kudryashov A.V., Matvievskaya O.V., Mukhin A.A., Lavrova V.A., Chumakov E.M. et al. Depressive states in the structure of postcovid syndrome: features and therapy. Bekhterev Review of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology 2022;56(1):16–24. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2022-56-1-16-24.
7. Захаров Д.В., Буряк Ю.В. Постковидные когнитивные расстройства. Современный взгляд на проблему, патогенез и терапию. Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М.Бехтерева. 2021;55(4):97–105. https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2021-57-4-97-105. Zakharov D.V., Buriak Y.V. The Post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment. A modern view of the problem, pathogenesis and treatment. Bekhterev Review of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology. 2021;55(4):97–105. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2021-55-4-97-105.
8. Soriano J.B., Murthy S., Marshall J., Relan P., Diaz J. A Clinical Case Definition of Post COVID-19 Condition by a Delphi Consensus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22(4):e102–e107. https://doi.org:1016/S1473-3099(21)00703-9.
9. Fernandez-Castaneda A., Lu P., Geraghty A.C., Song E., Lee M.H., Wood J. et al. Mild respiratory Covid can cause multi-lineage neural cell and myelin dysregulation. Cell. 2022;185(14):2452–2468.e16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.008.
10. Камчатнов П.Р., Соловьева Э.Ю., Хасанова Д.Р., Фатеева В.В. Астенические и когнитивные нарушения у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19. РМЖ. Медицинское обозрение. 2021;5(10):636–641. https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-10-636-641. Kamchatnov P.R., Solov’eva E.Yu., Khasanova D.R., Fateeva V.V. Asthenic and cognitive disorders after the COVID-19 infection. RMJ. Medical Review. 2021;5(10):636–641. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-10-636-641.
11. Del Brutto O.H., Wu S., Mera R.M., Costa A.F., Recalde B.Y., Issa N.P. Cognitive decline among individuals with history of mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: A longitudinal prospective study nested to a population cohort. Eur J Neurol. 2021;28(10):3245–3253. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14775.
12. Amenta E.M., Spallone A., Rodriguez-Barradas M.C., el Sahly H.M., Atmar R.L., Kulkarni P.A. Postacute COVID-19: An Overview and Approach to Classification. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(12):ofaa509. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa509.
13. Ortelli P., Ferrazzoli D., Sebastianelli L., Engl M., Romanello R., Nardone R. et al. Neuropsychological and neurophysiological correlates of fatigue in post-acute patients with neurological manifestations of COVID-19: insights into a challenging symptom. J Neurol Sci. 2021;(420):117271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2020.117271.
14. Tran V.T., Porcher R., Pane I., Ravaud P. Course of post COVID-19 disease symptoms over time in the ComPaRe long Covid prospective e-cohort. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):1812. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29513-z.
15. Dani M., Dirksen A., Taraborrelli P., Torocastro M., Panagopoulos D., Sutton R., Lim P.B. Autonomic dysfunction in “long COVID”: rationale, physiology and management strategies. Clin Med (Lond). 2021;21(1):e63–e67. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2020-0896.
16. Goldstein D.S. The extended autonomic system, dyshomeostasis, and COVID-19. Clin Auton Res. 2020;30(4):299–315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-020-00714-0.
17. Незнанов Н.Г., Васильева А.В., Салагай О.О. Роль психотерапии, как медицинской специальности, в общественном здоровье. Общественное здоровье. 2022;2(2):40–57. https://doi.org/10.21045/2782-1676-2022-2-2-40-57. Neznanov N.G., Vasilyeva A.V., Salagay O.O. The role of psychotherapy as a medical specialty in public health. Public Health. 2022;2(2):40–57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21045/2782-1676-2022-2-2-40-57.
18. Киндарова А.А., Фанталис Д., Преображенская И.С. Нелекарственная терапия когнитивных нарушений: результаты собственного исследования. Эффективная фармакотерапия. 2022;18(5):12–20. https://doi.org/10.33978/2307-3586-2022-18-5-12-20. Kindarova A.A., Fantalis D., Preobragesnkaya I.S. Non-Drug Therapy of Cognitive Disorders: the Results of Our Own Research. Effective Pharmacotherapy. 2022;18(5):12–20. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33978/2307-3586-2022-18-5-12-20.
19. Прокопенко С.В., Безденежных А.Ф., Можейко Е.Ю., Зубрицкая Е.М. Эффективность компьютерного когнитивного тренинга у пациентов с постинсультными когнитивными нарушениями. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2017;117(8–2):32–36. https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20171178232-36. Prokopenko S.V., Bezdenezhnykh A.F., Mozheĭko E.Yu., Zubrickaya E.M. A comparative clinical study of the efficacy of computer cognitive training in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairments. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2017;117(8–2):32–36. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20171178232-36.
20. Lampit A., Hallock H., Valenzuela M. Computerized cognitive training in cognitively healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effect modifiers. PLoS Med. 2014;11(11):e1001756. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001756.
21. Александровский Ю.А., Аведисова А.С., Павлова М.С. О вегетотропном эффекте Грандаксина при лечении невротических расстройств в общесоматической практике. Терапевтический архив. 1998;(10):76–78. Режим доступа: https://elib.fesmu.ru/elib/Article.aspx?id=24776. Alexandrovsky Y. A., Avedisova A. S., Pavlova M. S. On vegetotropic effect of grandaxin in the treatment of neurotic disorders in primary care. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv. 1998;(10):76–78. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elib.fesmu.ru/elib/Article.aspx?id=24776.
22. Дюкова Г.М., Саксонова Е.В., Голубев В.Л. Грандаксин в неврологической практике (мультицентровое исследование). Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2009;(9):44–48. Режим доступа: https://medi.ru/info/1975/. Dukova G.M., Saxonova E.V., Golubev V.L. Grandaxin in neurological practice (mutlicentre study). Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2009;(9):44–48. (In Russ.) Available at: https://medi.ru/info/1975/.
23. Versace V., Sebastianelli L., Ferrazzoli D., Romanello R., Ortelli P., Saltuari L. et al. Intracortical GABAergic dysfunction in patients with fatigue and dysexecutive syndrome after COVID-19. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021;132(5):1138–1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2021.03.001.
24. Васильева А.В. Пандемия и адаптационные тревожные расстройства: возможности терапии. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2020;120(5):146–152. https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2020120051146. Vasileva A.V. Pandemia and mental adjustment disorders. Therapy options. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2020;120(5):146–152. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2020120051146.
25. Александрова Е.А., Паршина Е.В., Бородачева И.В., Суслов А.Г., Беляков К.М., Юлин В.С., Фомин С.В. Возможности дневных анксиолитиков в коррекции остаточных неврологических проявлений COVID-19. Медицинский совет. 2021;(12):50–60. https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-12-50-60. Aleksandrova E.A., Parshina E.V., Borodacheva I.V., Suslov A.G., Belyakov K.M., Yulin V.S., Fomin S.V. Possibilities of daytime anxolytics in the correction of residual neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2021;(12):50–60. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2021-12-50-60.
26. Васильева А.В. Психические нарушения, связанные с пандемией COVID-19 (международный опыт и подходы к терапии). Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2020;120(9):121–129. https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20201200911. Vasileva A.V. Pandemic COVID-19 and mental disorders international experience and therapeutic approaches. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2020;120(9):121–129. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20201200911.
27. Ронаи Ш., Орос Ф., Болла К. Применение Грандаксина в амбулаторной практике. Венгерская фармакотерапия. 1975;(23):4–10. Ronai Sh., Oros F., Bolla K. The use of grandaxin in the out-patient care. Hung Pharmacother. 1975;(23):4–10.
Review
For citations:
Vasileva AV. Post-covid syndrome: psychoneurological disorders in focus. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2022;(21):88-94. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-21-88-94
Views:
557
Email this article 