Comparative study of myocardial damage in hantavirus and new coronavirus infection

Introduction. The study of myocardial damage in COVID-19 and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is relevant, especially for HFRS-endemic regions.
Aim. Comparative study of clinical and electrocardiographic signs of myocardial damage in HFRS and COVID-19.
Materials and methods. A retrospective comparative analysis of clinical data, ECG and troponin test was performed in patients with HFRS (n = 62) and patients with COVID-19 (n = 30) of moderate and severe forms.
Results. The heart rate (HR) in the group of patients with HFRS is less than in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.05). The average value of systolic blood pressure in both groups refers to normotension, in the group of patients with HFRS is significantly lower than the same indicator in the group of COVID-19 patients. According to the results of an ECG study of patients with COVID-19 (n = 30), sinus rhythm was observed in 30 (100%), sinus tachycardia – in 2 (6.6%), sinus bradycardia – in 6 (20%), while differences in the frequency of sinus bradycardia in comparison with patients with HFRS are statistically significant. AV blockade of the 1st degree is observed in both diseases, in the group of HFRS with a higher frequency, but the differences are unreliable. Prolongation of the QT interval was found in patients in both groups, with coronavirus infection (13.3%) more often than with hantavirus infection (3%), the differences are statistically insignificant. ECG in patients with HFRS with lung damage shows signs of overload of the right atrium, unlike in patients with COVID-19. Troponin was positive in two patients in each group: two patients with HFRS had myocarditis, one patient with COVID-19 had acute coronary syndrome.
Conclusion. Myocardial damage in both hantavirus and new coronavirus infections has common features due to a systemic inflammatory reaction, electrolyte disorders, and significant differences.

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