Non-allergic chronic rhinitis in children: What can we know of the influence of trigger factors on the course of the disease?
https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-010
Abstract
The article focuses on the issue of non-allergic rhinitis. Non-allergic chronic rhinitis is an umbrella diagnosis and contains all other chronic rhinitis phenotypes of different aetiology and pathogenesis, which are not associated with allergic and infectious inflammation, but are permanently or periodically manifested by similar clinical symptoms: nasal congestion, anterior and posterior rhinorrhoea, sneezing/itching in the nasal cavity. The recent studies on the epidemiology of non-allergic chronic rhinitis in the general population show that 10.9% to 28% people have this disorder. In Russia, there are about 100,000 patients diagnosed with vasomotor rhinitis according to the Russian rhinologic society experts’ opinion. Not questioning the statement that the chronic rhinitis mainly affects adults, we however can observe this disease in children. The trigger factors of rhinitis are described in detail as follows: low-molecular substances with molecular weights of <5 kilodalton (kDa), which provoke non-allergic inflammatory reactions of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity or contribute to the current inflammatory process. The attention is also paid to the primary mechanisms minimizing the influence of these factors, especially in paediatric practice, focusing on the regular use of irrigation and elimination therapy. The nasal cavity irrigation results in reduced number of antigenic structures and trigger molecules that enter the nasal cavity and come in contact with the mucus membranes when you breathe. Today, the irrigation and elimination therapy with saline solutions is an integral part of the therapy for healing the inflammatory rhinological disorder, which is reflected in some national clinical guidelines and international consensus documents. However, the studies on the use of irrigation and elimination therapy in non-allergic chronic rhinitis are rare.
About the Authors
D. A. Tulupov
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Filatov City Children's Clinical Hospital
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Denis A. Tulupov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology named after Professor B.V. Shevrygin, RMACPE; Otorhinolaryngologist, Filatov City Children's Clinical Hospital.
2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya St., Moscow, 123001
E. P. Karpova
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena P. Karpova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology named after Professor B.V. Shevrygin.
2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993
O. G. Naumov
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Filatov City Children's Clinical Hospital
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oleg G. Naumov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology named after Professor B.V. Shevrygin, RMACPE; Otorhinolaryngologist, Filatov City Children's Clinical Hospital.
2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya St., Moscow, 123001
V. A. Belov
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir A. Belov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology named after Professor B.V. Shevrygin, RMACPE; Head of the Day Hospital Department, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.
2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 2, Taldomskaya St., Moscow, 125412
I. V. Zyabkin
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ilya V. Zyabkin - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology named after Professor B.V. Shevrygin, RMACPE; Director, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency.
2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 20, Moskvorechye St., Moscow, 115409
V. А. Grabovskaya
Filatov City Children's Clinical Hospital
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vera A. Grabovskaya - Otorhinolaryngologist, Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology.
15, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya St., Moscow, 123001
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Review
For citations:
Tulupov DA, Karpova EP, Naumov OG, Belov VA, Zyabkin IV, Grabovskaya VА. Non-allergic chronic rhinitis in children: What can we know of the influence of trigger factors on the course of the disease? Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2025;(1):54-59. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-010
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