Индолкарбинол: механизмы действия, эффекты и перспективы клинического применения

В статье перечислены защитные эффекты индолкарбинола (IC) и его производного – дииндолилметана (DIM) – в отношении функционирования сердечно-сосудистой, нервной, репродуктивной, костно-мышечной и иммунной систем, а также печени. Экспериментальные данные свидетельствуют о том, что IC и DIM обеспечивают защиту органов и тканей благодаря своим антиоксидантным, противовоспалительным, антиапоптотическим, иммуномодулирующим и ксенобиотическим свойствам. До настоящего времени большинство данных о защитных эффектах IC и DIM при лечении различных заболеваний получено только в доклинических исследованиях, что подчеркивает острую необходимость проведения крупномасштабных клинических испытаний этих многообещающих фитохимических веществ. В статье рассматриваются молекулярные механизмы действия IC и DIM, их фармакокинетика и побочные эффекты в эксперименте. Представлены данные о клинической эффективности и безопасности лекарственного препарата на основе IC в клинической практике. Дальнейшее углубленное исследование эффективности и безопасности препаратов IC/DIM позволит значительно расширить арсенал фармакологических средств для борьбы с социально значимыми заболеваниями. Проанализированные нами исследования показали, что DIM и IC имеют общие и несколько различных механизмов противоопухолевого действия, эффективность которых зависит от вида опухоли и/или генотипа линии раковых клеток. Например, оба соединения влияют на развитие клеточного цикла рака молочной железы и подавляют рост и миграцию клеток. Кроме того, эти соединения повышают экспрессию детоксицирующих и антиоксидантных ферментов посредством активации Nrf2-зависимого пути, а также могут влиять на пролиферацию клеток, апоптоз, миграцию, инвазию, ангиогенез и иммунитет. В статье рассмотрены все основные механизмы противоопухолевого действия.

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