Новые аспекты диагностики, профилактики и лечения целиакии у детей

Целиакия постепенно превратилась в эпидемиологически значимый феномен, привлекая внимание научного сообщества. В обзоре материалов ежегодного собрания 56^th ESPGHAN 2024 Annual Meeting, прошедшего в мае 2024 г. в Милане (Италия), были рассмотрены новые направления в диагностике, выявлении факторов риска, таргетном лечении и профилактике целиакии у детей. С докладами выступили ведущие исследователи целиакии из Италии, Германии и США. В частности, профессор R. Tronconi (Италия) в качестве приоритетных направлений в изучении наметил следующие: предотвращение/ослабление прогрессирования целиакии, скрининг для ранней диагностики, неинвазивные маркеры, педиатрические особенности нового лечения, показания к таргетной терапии. Профессор S. Koletzko (Германия) изложила позиции Европейского и Североамериканского общества детских гастроэнтерологов, гепатологов и нутрициологов по таргетному лечению целиакии у детей. Были озвучены основные направления таргетного лечения детей с целиакией. S. Koletzko отметила, что необходима разработка клинических руководств для новых методов лечения целиакии у детей по целевым группам. Желательным вариантом будет первичная профилактика для детей с высоким генетическим риском и вторичная профилактика для потенциальной целиакии. Особое место занимают данные о диагностике целиакии у детей, находящихся на безглютеновой диете. Рассмотрены новые направления в проведении провокации глютеном и возможность проведения биопсии залуковичного отдела двенадцатиперстной кишки без провокации, основанные на иммунофенотипировании лимфоцитов с помощью проточной цитометрии. В обзоре также обобщены данные современной литературы по темам, рассматриваемым на 56^th ESPGHAN 2024 Annual Meeting.

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