Detection of latent tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis among adults at risk in the Moscow region
https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-385
Abstract
Introduction. In the context of a decrease in the intensity of the epidemic situation of tuberculosis In Russia, the search for new ways to increase the effectiveness of preventive measures to combat tuberculosis among the adult population remains relevant. Aim. To study the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in adult tuberculosis risk groups, and to conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of detecting active tuberculosis by immunodiagnostics and fluorography among adults at risk of tuberculosis.
Materials and methods. In a retrospective study, the results of a survey of people at risk of developing tuberculosis over the age of 18 with a positive test result from ATR-test were analyzed. At the first stage, the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection was studied. At the second stage, a comparative analysis of the detectability of active tuberculosis during immunodiagnostics and during preventive fluorographic studies was carried out.
Results. It was found that among adults at risk of tuberculosis, the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in the medical risk group was 2.7 times higher, and in the social risk group it was 8.7 times higher than the average in the population. The detection rate of active tuberculosis according to the results of immunodiagnostics was the highest in the social risk group – 3.8 cases per 1,000 examined.
In terms of the effectiveness of tuberculosis detection in adults at risk of tuberculosis, immunodiagnostics is comparable to fluorographic studies (0.19 and 0.17 per 1,000 at-risk subjects, respectively).
Conclusions. Conducting annual immunodiagnostics among adults at risk of tuberculosis allows timely detection of latent tuberculosis infection, and also increases the effectiveness of early detection of active tuberculosis, which helps reduce the reservoir of tuberculosis infection.
About the Authors
O. D. Baronova
Moscow Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary;
Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga D. Baronova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Chief Physician for Outpatient Work, Moscow Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary; Professor of the Department of Phthisiology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky
Vlаd. 7, Bldg. 1, Dubki St., Zdravnitsa Settlement, g.o. Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141034;
61/2, Bldg. 1, Schepkin St., Moscow, 129110
S. V. Smerdin
Moscow Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary;
Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey V. Smerdin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Physician, Moscow Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary; Head of the Department of Phthisiology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky
Vlаd. 7, Bldg. 1, Dubki St., Zdravnitsa Settlement, g.o. Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141034;
1, Lenin Hills, Moscow, 119991, Russia
I. A. Tusheva
Moscow Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina A. Tusheva, Head of the Branch, Moscow Regional Clinical Anti-Tuberculosis Dispensary
Vlаd. 7, Bldg. 1, Dubki St., Zdravnitsa Settlement, g.o. Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141034
A. A. Gordeev
Moscow Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleхey A. Gordeev, Head of the Branch
Vlаd. 7, Bldg. 1, Dubki St., Zdravnitsa Settlement, g.o. Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141034
D. A. Kudlay
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University);
Lomonosov Moscow State University;
National Research Center – “Institute of Immunology” Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitry A. Kudlay, Сorr. Member RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Pharmacology at the Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Deputy Dean for Scientific and Technological Development of the Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Senior Researcher, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Immunology No. 71, National Research Center – “Institute of Immunology” Federal Medical-Biological Agency
8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991;
1, Lenin Hills, Moscow, 119991;
24, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478, Russia
N. P. Doktorova
National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia P. Doktorova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Scientifi Department of Diff Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis and Co-Infections
4, Bldg. 2, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473
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For citations:
Baronova OD, Smerdin SV, Tusheva IA, Gordeev AA, Kudlay DA, Doktorova NP. Detection of latent tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis among adults at risk in the Moscow region. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2025;(20):101-110. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-385
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