Prediction of preeclampsia in pregnant women with comorbid conditions

Introduction. Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It is important to identify women at high risk of developing preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy in order to provide timely therapeutic intervention. At the moment, there is no significant progress in predicting and preventing this complication of pregnancy.

Aim. To predict the occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with comorbidity.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the exchange cards and birth histories of 158 residents of the Stavropol Territory was conducted. The study was conducted on the basis of the Stavropol Regional Clinical Perinatal Center in Stavropol, Stavropol Territory. Pregnant women (n = 158) were divided into three groups: the first group (n = 58) – pregnant women with overweight or obesity; group 2 (n = 70) – pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia and overweight or obesity; group 3 (n = 60) – pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia and normal body weight.

Results. Pregnant women with obesity and anemia had a higher risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis (χ² = 8.015, p = 0.019), premature birth (χ² = 7.431, p = 0.025) and preeclampsia (χ² = 6.456, p = 0.040). For obese pregnant women, the most significant factors in the prognosis of preeclampsia were: the first pregnancy, the APTT level in the third trimester. For pregnant women with IDA, factors predicting the development of preeclampsia: first pregnancy, smoking, hemoglobin levels in the first trimester. For pregnant women with obesity and IDA, the prognostic criteria for preeclampsia were: the first pregnancy, and the indicator of thrombin time in the third trimester.

Conclusions. The identification of prognostic criteria for individual risk factors for preeclampsia makes it possible to more accurately assess the likelihood of preeclampsia and timely resolve the issue of prevention and initiation of therapy and contribute to the elimination of modifiable risk factors for preeclampsia, such as obesity and anemia.

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