Evolution of concepts on optimal nutrition as a pillar for improving metabolic health
https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2026-191
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most significant medical and social problems of our time, being the leading preventable cause of global morbidity and premature mortality. According to the results of large-scale epidemiological studies, over the past few decades the prevalence of this condition has taken on the characteristics of a pandemic of non-communicable diseases: the global prevalence of obesity has almost tripled, posing a serious challenge to healthcare systems in the 21st century and resulting in colossal economic losses. The updated dietary guidelines (Dietary Guidelines for Americans) marked the introduction of a fundamentally new visual model of nutrition, based on the concept of prioritising whole foods and strictly limiting ultraprocessed foods, which effectively led to the transformation of the traditional model into an ‘inverted’ pyramid focused on the nutritional density of the diet. In line with the current positions of leading global and domestic professional communities, the basis for successful treatment remains a comprehensive, personalised lifestyle modification, including dietary behaviour correction and regular physical activity. However, the priority use of innovative pharmacological agents – glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dual GLP-1 receptor agonists – is becoming a key driver and innovative breakthrough in modern evidence-based medicine.
About the Authors
T. Yu. Demidova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana Yu. Demidova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Endocrinology
1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117513
I. G. Nikitin
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Igor G. Nikitin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department of Hospital Therapy Named After Academician G.I Storozhakov, Institute of Clinical Medicine
1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117513
A. V. Starodubova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Antonina V. Starodubova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Deputy Director for Research and Clinical Care, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety; Head of the Department of Intermediate Level Therapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
2/14, Ustinskiy Proezd, Moscow, 109240;
1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117513
O. A. Kislyak
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oksana A. Kislyak, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honorary Head of the Department of Intermediate Level Therapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117513
M. Ya. Izmaylova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maryam Ya. Izmaylova, Assistant Professor of the Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Medicine
1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117513
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Review
For citations:
Demidova TY, Nikitin IG, Starodubova AV, Kislyak OA, Izmaylova MY. Evolution of concepts on optimal nutrition as a pillar for improving metabolic health. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2026;(7):113-123. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2026-191
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