Experimental, metabolic, and clinical aspects of the use of metaprebiotics

Disorders of the intestinal microbiocenosis are considered to be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the occurrence and progression of not only diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, but also other diseases, exactly oncological, allergic, autoimmune, dermatological, neurological, neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders. Modern methods, in particular, genomic sequencing, have revealed a large number of previously unknown species and genera of the intestinal microbiota, the role of which is only beginning to be clarified. In this regard, the metabolic activity of the microbiota is currently becoming increasingly important. The main metabolites of a healthy microbiota are short-chain fatty acids, which have metabolic and regulatory effects on both the host and the microbiota itself. There are various tools for correcting the microbiota, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and metabiotics. The combination of probiotics and prebiotics in symbiotics aims to improve their properties. This review focuses on the combination of the metabiotics calcium lactate and the prebiotics inulin and oligofructose. This combination can be considered as a separate subclass of agents metaprebiotic with a synergistic effect on the microbiota. The article examines the experimental effect of calcium lactate on colonization resistance, the protective effect on the normal microbiota, and the rate of restoration of the host microbiota in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in animals. The article also evaluates the effect of a metaprebiotic on the metabolic function of the microbiota in patients with functional bowel disorders. The clinical efficacy of metaprebiotic use on symptoms and stool frequency has been demonstrated in patients with functional bowel disorders of different ages, as well as in dermatological diseases.

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