Генетический полиморфизм постковидного синдрома у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2-го типа

Долгосрочные последствия COVID-19 остаются недостаточно изученными в настоящее время. Все авторы сходятся в одном: однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы (SNP) потенциально могут стать ценным инструментом для прогнозирования долгосрочного клинического исхода у пациентов, инфицированных SARS-CoV-2. Так, было показано, что SNP ACE2 rs2106809 является функциональным маркером изменения мозга и его потенциальное участие в длительном COVID требует дальнейшего изучения. Недавние исследования связывают ген FOXP4 с тяжестью течения COVID-19 и риском длительного течения COVID-19. SNP rs9367106, вероятно, связан с развитием долгосрочных симптоматических отклонений в легких и головном мозге, наблюдаемых после выздоровления от COVID-19. Было выявлено, что нарушение обоняния и вкуса является не только патогномоничным признаком острой формы COVID-19, но и синдрома постковидной хронической усталости и определено ведущим однонуклеотидным полиморфизмом rs10893121. Также при хроническом ковиде статистически чаще встречались генотипы CC гена метилентетрагидрофолатредуктазы (MTHFR). Можно предположить, что некоторые варианты нуклеотидных последовательностей, принимавших участие как в генезе сахарного диабета (СД) и его осложнений, в формировании коморбидности пациентов, так и в развитии COVID, могут потенциально принимать участие в формировании постковидного синдрома (ПКС) у больных СД. Показана ассоциация с ПКС однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов следующих генов: FABP2, NOS3, COMT, PAI-1. В последующем будут сформированы фенотипы ПКС у пациентов с СД 2-го типа с учетом генетической детерминанты, определен прогноз течения постковидного периода у данной категории больных и, следовательно, в перспективе: разработка персонифицированного лечения пациентов с учетом совокупности патологических аллелей плейотропных генов.

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