Modern aspects of gastric cancer screening

V. V. Tsukanov; A. M. Karapetyan; R. A. Zukov; Ju. L. Tonkikh; A. V. Vasyutin

doi:10.21518/ms2025-387

Modern aspects of gastric cancer screening

V. V. Tsukanov, A. M. Karapetyan, R. A. Zukov, Ju. L. Tonkikh, A. V. Vasyutin

https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-387

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Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major social issue that is particularly acute in East Asia, Eastern Europe, and South America. Russia, where morbidity and mortality rates are higher than the global averages, still has no national GC screening, early detection and prevention programs. The aim of this review is to analyze current literature data on the incidence, mortality, and screening methods of gastric cancer (GC) in different countries of the world and in Russia. The average age-standardized rate (ASR) of GC incidence worldwide is 9.2 per 100,000 population, ASR of mortality is 6.1 per 100,000, and five-year survival for 2000–2014 varies from 20% to 40%. In Russia, the incidence and mortality rates of GC are 13.7 per 100,000 and 9.2 per 100,000, respectively. Unfavorable epidemiological indicators of GC are observed in Republic of Tyva: the ASR of incidence in this region is 24.56 per 100,000 population, and the ASR of mortality is 18.75 per 100,000 population. Population screening programs for GC, implemented in only two countries in the world (South Korea and Japan), have significantly increased the five-year survival rate for GC in these countries to 68.9% and 60.3%, respectively, while in the USA and Russia this figure is 33.1% and 21%, respectively. The leading method of population and opportunistic screening of GC in the world and in Russia is endoscopy in individuals over 50 years of age. For opportunistic and population screening, it is recommended to use esophagogastroscopy in individuals over 50 years of age once every 3 years and serological tests to determine the level of pepsinogens I and II, and IgG to Helicobacter pylori. High rates of morbidity and mortality from GC in Russia, low five-year survival rate determine the relevance of the development and implementation of a national strategy for population screening of GC.

Keywords

incidence, risk factors, endoscopy, serological tests, prevention

About the Authors

V. V. Tsukanov

Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
Россия

Vladislav V. Tsukanov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Clinical Department of the Digestive System Pathology of Adults and Children, Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North.

3g, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

A. M. Karapetyan

Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after A.I. Kryzhanovsky
Россия

Aramais M. Karapetyan - Oncologist of the Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 1 named after N.A. Rykovanov, Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after A.I. Kryzhanovsky.

16, 1^st Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk, 660133

R. A. Zukov

Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after A.I. Kryzhanovsky; Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky
Россия

Ruslan A. Zukov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head Physician, Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after A.I. Kryzhanovsky; Head of the Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy with a Course of Postgraduate Education, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky.

16, 1^st Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk, 660133; 1, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

Ju. L. Tonkikh

Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
Россия

Julia L. Tonkikh - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher of the Clinical Department of the Digestive System Pathology of Adults and Children, Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North.

3g, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

A. V. Vasyutin

Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
Россия

Alexander V. Vasyutin - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Clinical Department of the Digestive System Pathology of Adults and Children, Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North.

3g, Partizan Zheleznyak St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022

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Review

For citations:

Tsukanov VV, Karapetyan AM, Zukov RA, Tonkikh JL, Vasyutin AV. Modern aspects of gastric cancer screening. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2025;(15):90-94. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-387

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