Training and self-monitoring: A key to achieving optimal glycemic compensation in patients with diabetes

M. G. Pavlova

doi:10.21518/ms2025-408

Training and self-monitoring: A key to achieving optimal glycemic compensation in patients with diabetes

M. G. Pavlova

https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-408

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most burning issues in modern medicine. Its prevalence shows a consistent upward trajectory across all age groups year after year. Patients with diabetes require ongoing lifelong therapy, which cannot be successful without patient's involvement, changes in their attitude toward the disease, eating behaviour, training, and, last but not least, self-monitoring of blood glucose level. Therapeutic training and self-monitoring are an integral part of diabetes management. Introducing training programs into clinical practice not only helps achieve optimal disease control but also significantly mitigates the risk of complications and improves life expectancy and quality of life. Training is necessary for all patients with diabetes from the time of diagnosis and throughout the disease course. The goals and methods of training are selected on case-by-case basis according to the patient's age, diabetes type, and health condition. Purpose-built structured programs tailored to the specific needs of different patient groups are used. Self-monitoring that includes regular measuring of blood sugar levels using a glycemic reader, monitoring of urine ketones, analysing of reader results, and ability to adjust therapy based on physical activity, diet, and daily routine is one of the key aspects of training of patients with diabetes. There are many different devices to self-monitor blood sugar levels. Flash glucose monitors and continuous (24-hours) glucose monitors are beginning to be actively used in the clinical practice. Nevertheless, glycemic readers continue to be widely used and appear still relevant today. Modern devices offer high-accuracy blood glucose measurement and large memory capacity. Recently, it has become possible to use mobile apps paired with glycemic readers enabling remote monitoring and online patient consultations.

Keywords

diabetes, glycemia, self-monitoring, training, glucometer

About the Author

M. G. Pavlova

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Россия

Maria G. Pavlova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Endocrinology No. 1, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine

8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia

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For citations:

Pavlova MG. Training and self-monitoring: A key to achieving optimal glycemic compensation in patients with diabetes. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2025;(16):142–147. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-408

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