Endometrial hyperplasia of typical and atypical morphoarchitectonics: A review of selected diagnostic methods
G. A. Ikhtiyarova,
M. H. Kattakhodjaeva,
L. R. Agababyan,
E. V. Enkova,
Z. A. Nasirova,
K. I. Sidelnikov,
L. A. Voronina,
O. V. Khoperskaya,
N. V. Khoroshikh https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2026-149
Abstract
In this study, the diagnostic aspects of typical endometrial hyperplasia (benign endometrial hyperplasia) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia) are reviewed. The article provides data on multidisciplinary and diverse selected diagnostic measures: ultrasound examination of the endometrium (data on the characteristics of the endometrial status in the absence of pathology and diagnostic criteria for the hyperplastic process occurring in the mucous component of the uterine anatomy), menogram (data on the nature of the menstrual cycle in the presence of a disease), hysteroscopy (information on the diagnostic role and comparison with the dilation and curettage (D&C) method), examination of the hormonal status (FSH, LH, thyroid hormones), and examination of the liver (due to the fact that the liver processes hormones). Thanks to modern diagnostic methods, and in this case, immunohistochemical examination (IHC), we can identify new aspects in the pathogenesis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH). IHC indicators of malignancy are: PR- and ER-receptor profile of the endometrium are in the position of “inverse proportion”, inactivation/loss of PTEN, PAX2, ARID1A, increase in expression of β-catenin (CTNNB1), mutations in the proto-oncogene KRAS, registration of MSI, as well as about the expression of LH/hCG receptors. Similar mutational aberrations of AEH and endometrial cancer are mentioned. The role of the endometrial microbiome in the development of pathology has been shown. In the preparation of this review, data was collected from the scientometric libraries PubMed, CyberLeninka, eLIBRARY.RU, using the keywords: endometrial hyperplasia, atypical endometrial hyperplasia, endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia, immunohistochemistry, MSI, ultrasound, sexually transmitted infections, uterine microbiome, as well as from bibliographic sources. Time frame: 1997–2025.
About the Authors
G. A. Ikhtiyarova
Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Gulchekhra A. Ikhtiyarova,Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1
23, Gijduvanskaya St., Bukhara, 200118, Republic of Uzbekistan
M. H. Kattakhodjaeva
Tashkent State Dental Institute
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Makhmuda H. Kattakhodjaeva, Corr. Member RAMTS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
103, Tarakkiyot St., Tashkent, 100047, Republic of Uzbekistan
L. R. Agababyan
Samarkand State Medical University
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Larisa R. Agababyan, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Postgraduate Education
18A, Amir Temur St., Samarkand, 140100, Republic of Uzbekistan
E. V. Enkova
N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena V. Enkova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 2
10, Studencheskaya St., Voronezh, 394036, Russia
Z. A. Nasirova
Samarkand State Medical University
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Zebiniso A. Nasirova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Postgraduate Education
18A, Amir Temur St., Samarkand, 140100, Republic of Uzbekistan
K. I. Sidelnikov
N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Konstantin I. Sidelnikov, Student of the Faculty of Pediatrics
10, Studencheskaya St., Voronezh, 394036, Russia
L. A. Voronina
N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University;
Voronezh Regional Scientific and Clinical Oncology Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Liliya A. Voronina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology; Oncologist of the Department of Surgical Oncogynecology No. 5,
10, Studencheskaya St., Voronezh, 394036, Russia
4, Vaitsekhovsky St., Voronezh, 394036, Russia
O. V. Khoperskaya
N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga V. Khoperskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 2
10, Studencheskaya St., Voronezh, 394036, Russia
N. V. Khoroshikh
N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia V. Khoroshikh, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 2
10, Studencheskaya St., Voronezh, 394036, Russia
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Review
For citations:
Ikhtiyarova GA, Kattakhodjaeva MH, Agababyan LR, Enkova EV, Nasirova ZA, Sidelnikov KI, Voronina LA, Khoperskaya OV, Khoroshikh NV. Endometrial hyperplasia of typical and atypical morphoarchitectonics: A review of selected diagnostic methods. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2026;(4):124-130. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2026-149
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