The interplay between chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease in the post-infarction period: One-year study results

Introduction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) form a comorbid pair that mutually aggravates the course and prognosis of each condition. Patients with CKD have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular events, while AMI exacerbates renal dysfunction.

Aim. To assess the relationship between the severity of cardiac damage and the progression of chronic kidney disease in the post-infarction period.

Materials and methods. We analyzed data from 100 post-MI patients with a one-year follow-up. Inclusion criteria were: age 18 to 89 years and a confirmed MI diagnosis. Cardiac and renal parameters were recorded for all patients. Statistical analysis was performed using correlation methods.

Results. Chronic kidney disease was diagnosed in 61% of the patients. A significant correlation was found between CKD severity and the cumulative cardiac event score (number of myocardial infarctions and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI)). Each PCI was associated with a 42.6% increased likelihood of developing CKD stages C3a-C4, and each myocardial infarction with a 38.2% increase. A strong positive correlation was observed between the number of PCIs and the stage of chronic heart failure, and an inverse correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction. During the one-year follow-up, a significant increase in serum creatinine and microalbuminuria levels was recorded.

Conclusions. This study on the relationship between chronic heart failure and CKD after myocardial infarction demonstrated a strong association between the degree of cardiac impairment and worsening kidney function. The cumulative cardiac event score showed a particularly strong correlation with CKD stage. Each episode of coronary pathology significantly increased the risk of CKD onset and progression, reflected in a marked increase in serum creatinine and urinary albumin (albuminuria) levels over the one-year observation period.

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