DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LYMPHOMAS OF THE MEDIASTINUM: A VIEW OF THE ONCOLOGIST AND PATHOLOGIST

The clinic-rentgenological differential diagnosis is difficult especially in case of localized mediastinal disease. Just detailed histological diagnosis allows making a right tactic decision and choosing effective therapy. Furthermore, some indolent B-cell lymphomas and T-cell lymphomas can arise in mediastinum. Mediastinal tumors are frequent in young adults, and most of these neoplasms are lymphoproliferative disorders. The spectrum of mediastinal lymphoma is broad. The most often of them are large B-cell lymphomas: classical Hodgkin lymphoma, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and mediastinal grey zone lymphoma.

1. Shimosato Y, Mukai K, Matsuno Y. Tumors of the Mediastinum, Atlas of Tumor Pathology, AFIP Fourth Series, Fascicle 11, 2010.

2. Aggarwal R, Rao S, Chopra P et al. Morphological spectrum of mediastinal lesions with special emphasis on evaluation of needle biopsy: An experience from a tertiary care hospital. Indian J. Med. Res., 2016, 144(4): 544-51.

3. Petkoviс I. Current trends in the treatment of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma an overview. Contemp. Oncol. (Pozn), 2015, 19(6): 428-35.

4. Aggarwal R, Rao S, Dhawan S et al. Primary mediastinal lymphomas, their morphological features and comparative evaluation. Lung India, 2017, 34(1): 19-24.

5. Savage KJ, Al-Rajhi N, Voss N et al. Favorable outcome of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma in a single institution: the British Columbia experience. Ann. Oncol., 2006, 17(1): 123-30.

6. Juanpere S, Cañete N, Ortuño P et al. A diagnostic approach to the mediastinal masses. Insights Imaging., 2013, 4(1): 29-52.

7. Eichenauer DA, Engert A, André M et al. Hodgkin’s lymphoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and followup. Ann. Oncol., 2014, 25(suppl. 3): 70-5.

8. Dunleavy K, Wilson W. Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma and mediastinal gray zone lymphoma: do they require a unique therapeutic approach? Blood, 2015, 125(1): 33-9.

9. Hutchinson C, Wang Е. Primary мediastinal (thymic) large B-Cell lymphoma: a short review with brief discussion of mediastinal gray zone lymphoma. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med., 2011, 135(3): 394-8.

10. Hande KR, Garrow GC. Acute tumor lysis syndrome in patients with high-grade non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Am. J. Med., 1993, 94(2): 133-9.

11. Palutke M, Tranchida L. T-cell lymphoma: report of a case. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 1975, 64(1): 26-33.

12. Borowitz M, Chan J: T lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma. In Swerdlow S et al. WHO classification: tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, 2008, IARC.

13. Hashimoto M, Yamashita Y, Mori Y. Immunohistochemical detection of СD 79a expression in precursor T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/ leukemias. J. Pathol., 2002, 197(3): 341-7.

14. Grabher C, von Boehmer H, Look AT. Notch 1 activation in the molecular pathogenesis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat. Rev. Cancer., 2006, 6(5): 347-59.

15. Pletneva MA, Smith LB. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: features presenting diagnostic challenges. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med., 2014, 138(10): 1290-4.

16. Pan Z, Hu S, Li M et al. ALK-positive Large B-cell Lymphoma: a clinicopathologic study of 26 cases with review of additional 108 cases in the literature. Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 2017, 41(1): 25-38.

17. Bhatt VR, Mourya R, Shrestha R, Armitage JO. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Treat. Rev., 2015, 41(6): 476-85.

18. Engholm G, Ferlay J, Christensen N et al. NORDCAN: Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Prevalence and Survival in the Nordic Countries, Version 7.3 (08.07.2016). Association of the Nordic Cancer Registries. Danish Cancer Society. Available from http://www.ancr.nu ,accessed on 28/10/2016.

19. Tilly H, Gomes da Silva M, Vitolo U et al. A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL): ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol., 2015, 26(suppl. 5): 116-25.

20. Puvvada S, Kendrick S, Rimsza L. Molecular classification, pathway addiction, and therapeutic targeting in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Genetics., 2013, 206(2): 257- 65.

21. Rosenwald A, Staudt LM. Gene expression profiling of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk. Lymphoma, 2003, 44(suppl. 3): 41-7.

22. Leich E, Hartmann ME, Burek C et al. Diagnostic and prognostic significance of gene expression profiling in lymphomas. APMIS, 2007, 115: 1135-1146.

23. Perry AM, Mitrovic Z, Chan WC. Biological prognostic markers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Control., 2012, 19(3): 214-26.

24. Lichtenstein A, Levine A, Taylor C et al. Primary mediastinal lymphoma in adults. Am. J. Med., 1980, 68: 509-14.

25. Ferry JA. Extranodal lymphoma. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med., 2008, 132(4): 565-78.

26. Perrone T, Frizzera G, Rosai J. Mediastinal diffuse large-cell lymphoma with sclerosis. A clinicopathologic study of 60 cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 1986, 10(3): 176-91.

27. Chan JK. Mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma: new evidence in support of its distinctive identity. Adv. Anat. Pathol., 2000, 7(4): 201-9.

28. Matrtelli M, Ferreri AJ, Johonson P. Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol., 2008, 68(3): 256-63.

29. Menestrina F, Chilosi M, Bonetti F et al. Mediastinal large-cell lymphoma of B-type, with sclerosis: histopathological and immunohistochemical study of eight cases. Histopathology, 1986, 10(6): 589-600.

30. Savage KJ. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Oncologist, 2006, 11(5): 488-95.

31. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris N et al. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 2008.

32. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. Lyon, IARC Press, 2004.

33. Кременецкая А.М., Пивник А.В., Куликов С.М. и др. Лечение больных первичной медиастинальной В-клеточной лимфосаркомой со склерозом программами первой линии. Гемато логия и трансфузиология, 2001, 6(1): 10-14.

34. Мазурок Л.А. Клинико-иммунологические особенности неходжкинских лимфом с первичным поражением средостения: автореф. дисс... канд. мед. наук. М., 2006. 29 с.

35. Savage KJ, Al-Rajhi N, Voss N et al. Favorable outcome of primary mediastinal large B- cell lymphoma in a single institution: the British Columbia experience. Ann. Oncol., 2006, 17(1): 123-30.

36. Todeschini G, Secchi S, Morra E et al. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma: long- term results from retrospective multicentere Italian experience in 138 patients trated with CHOP or MACOP-B/VACOP-B. Br. J. Cancer, 2004, 90(2): 372-76.

37. Isaacson PG, Spenser J. Malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Histopathology, 1987, 11: 445-662.

38. Isaacson PG, Chan JK, Tang C, Addis BJ. Lowgrade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa- associated lymphoid tissue arising in the thymus. Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 1990, 14: 342-51.

39. Sunohara M, Hara K, Osamura K et al. Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the thymus with trisomy 18. Intern. Med., 2009, 48(23): 2025-32.

40. Nagasaka T, Lai R, Harada T et al. Coexisting thymic and gasric lymphomas of mucosa- associated lymphoid tissues in a patient with Sjogren’s syndrome. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med., 2000, 124: 770-3.

41. Jaffe ES, Harris NL, Stein H et al. WHO Classification Tumors. Pathology and genetics of tumors of hematopoetic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon: IARC Press, 2001.

42. Warnke RA, Weiss LM, Chan JK et al. Tumors of the lymph nodes and spleen. Atlas of tumor pathology, 3rd series, Fascicle 14, Washington DC: Armed Institute of Pathology, 1995.

43. King RL, Howard MT, Bagg A. Hodgkin lymphoma: pathology, pathogenesis, and a plethora of potential prognostic predictors. Adv. Anat. Pathol., 2014, 21(1): 12-25.

44. Shahid R, Gulzar R, Avesi L et al. Immunohistochemical Profile of Hodgkin and Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma. J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak., 2016, 26(2): 103-7.

45. Поддубная И.В., Савченко В.Г. Российские клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению лимфопролиферативных заболеваний. Современная онкология. М.: Медиа Медика, 2013. 104 с.

46. Артемьева А.С., Семиглазова Т.Ю., Франк Г.А. В-клеточные лимфомы средостения из крупных клеток. Вопр. онкологии, 2015, 61(2): 280-8.

47. Артемьева А.С., Моталкина М.С., Семиглазова Т.Ю. и др. Клинико- морфологические особенности медиастинальной лимфомы серой зоны. Врач, 2015, 9: 59-63.

48. Артемьева А.С. Дифференциальная диагностика В-клеточных лимфом средостения из крупных клеток: автореф. дисс... канд. мед. наук. СПб., 2015. 43 с.