Orbeli syndrome in a child: A case from practice
https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2026-005
Abstract
Chromosomal diseases are, although rare, a pressing problem for pediatric practice. Rare forms of diseases are considered to be those diseases whose prevalence in the population is less than 10 cases per 100,000 people. Such nosologies include Orbeli syndrome, a severe orphan disease described in 1962 by N. Wang. The rarity of the disease causes isolated cases of description of this syndrome in the literature. However, there are known examples of Orbeli syndrome in newborns, infants, children aged 6 and 13 years, and even in adults. Clinically, this syndrome most often manifests itself as gross malformations of organs and systems, delayed physical and neuropsychic development. The case of Orbeli syndrome presented in the article was confirmed by karyotyping (46, XY, del(13)(q22)). Clinically, the disease was characterized by multiple congenital malformations in the form of microcephaly, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, deformation of the ankle joint, contracture of the knee joints, varus position of the feet, cleft of the hard and soft palate. Instrumental examination revealed alobar holoprosencephaly, renal hypoplasia and congenital heart disease. The results of expanded neonatal screening made it possible to diagnose the child with primary immunodeficiency and a disorder of amino acid metabolism. The child was recognized as in need of palliative medical care. An unfavorable prognosis for life based on the totality of the pathology has been established. This clinical case highlights the importance of widespread implementation of whole exome sequencing of future parents when planning pregnancy in order to prevent such severe nosologies.
About the Authors
E. I. KashirskayaRussian Federation
Elena I. Kashirskaya - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Pediatrics and Neonatology, Astrakhan State Medical University.
121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
R. A. Demidova
Russian Federation
Rimma A. Demidova - Student, Astrakhan State Medical University.
121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
D. F. Sergienko
Russian Federation
Diana F. Sergienko - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University.
121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
D. A. Bezrukova
Russian Federation
Dina A. Bezrukova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases, Outpatient and Emergency Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University.
121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000
I. V. Soprunova
Russian Federation
Irina V. Soprunova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Geneticist, Regional Perinatal Center.
2, Tatishchev St., Astrakhan, 414056
O. A. Tyurina
Russian Federation
Olga A. Tyurina - Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator, Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Silishcheva.
6, Medikov St., Astrakhan, 414011
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Review
For citations:
Kashirskaya EI, Demidova RA, Sergienko DF, Bezrukova DA, Soprunova IV, Tyurina OA. Orbeli syndrome in a child: A case from practice. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2026;(1):212-216. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2026-005
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