No 9 (2015)
News. Findings and events
Infections in obstetrics and gynecology
Preconception care and treatment in pregnant women with cyomegalovirus infection (for practitioners)
6-9 601
Abstract
The article reviews results of trials to investigate clinical patterns of CMV infection in pregnant women, recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and preconception care of women with CMV infection.
10-14 750
Abstract
The article is an overview of the alternative method of treatment of infectious diseases - bacteriophages. There is an overview of bacteriophages, results of recent clinical trials and observations and prospects for the use of bacteriophages in obstetrics and gynecology.
15-17 579
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the most common manifestation of urogenital candidiasis. The disease is widespread among women of reproductive age. The disease recurs in 5-10% of cases. The article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of urogenital candidiasis with a focus on the problems of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
18-25 526
Abstract
The article tells about the main guidelines for choosing a systemic antifungal agent containing fluconazole from those present on the Russian market of medicinal products. Results of comparing original and generic fluconazole medicines are demonstrated.
26-33 682
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis is an infectious non-inflammatory syndrome characterized by replacement of normal microflora (mainly lactobacilli) with polymicrobial associations of anaerobes and Gardnerella vaginalis. Recently, the molecular biology techniques showed that there is a much greater variety of microorganisms associated with bacterial vaginosis than previously thought. Clindamycin has demonstrated its efficacy and safety in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis today.
CONTRACEPTION AND ENDOCRINE GYNECOLOGY
34-38 566
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age associated with hyperandrogenism, anovulatory infertility and metabolic disorders. Along with hormonal therapy, reproductive disorders associated with polycystic ovary syndrome are managed with the help of drugs which increase insulin sensitivity, reduce secretion of insulin and androgens. A literature review demonstrated that myo-inositol, one of nine stereoisomers of hexa-hydroxy alcohol inositol, also helps to regulate the menstrual cycle, restore ovulation and maturation of oocytes, as well as reduces insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Myo-inositol seems to be promising in the treatment of PCOS and significantly improves IVF results.
39-41 455
Abstract
The article tells about methods of contraception for women in premenopausal age. Levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) is a highly effective method of contraception in this age group. Locally acting levonorgestrel reduces the duration of bleeding during menstruation and has a therapeutic benefit in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia.
42-48 608
Abstract
Due to the associated serious endocrine and metabolic disorders, hyperandrogenic conditions result in skin lesions and deterioration of the quality of life. The present study aimed to evaluate androgen-dependent dermopathy in patients with various clinical status and determine the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. The study included 82 patients with ADP who underwent a comprehensive examination with the participation of a dermatologist. The patients underwent general and gynecological examination; dermatologist's examination using ultrasound; skin microtopography; blood tests for the level of peptide and steroid hormones; biochemical blood test to evaluate carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Differentiated treatment was assigned based on the data obtained from the survey: patients with irregular menstrual cycle received COCs containing drospirenone (all women were in need of contraception); for overweight or obese women, the therapy was complemented with metformin; patients with regular ovulatory cycles received flutamide. The treatment demonstrated high efficacy against androgen-dependent dermopathy and safety for the metabolic status.
49-53 451
Abstract
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a frequent disorder associated with the menstrual cycle; treatments include a variety of medicinal and non-medicinal methods, primarily due to the absence of a common theory for the development of PMS. The majority of authors see premenstrual syndrome as a heterogeneous condition. Combined hormonal contraception is a pathogenetically substantiated method of PMS treatment. The study involved 122 patients with moderate to severe PMS. The diagnosis was confirmed by a prospective assessment of diaries. Participants received a drug containing 3 mg drospirenone and 20 µg ethinyl estradiol within 24/4 regimen. A pronounced positive effect of COC treatment was largely achieved in respect of psychological symptoms of PMS.
54-61 394
Abstract
Planning for pregnancy and delaying pregnancy without health consequences are especially challenging today. Combined hormonal contraceptives are among the most effective methods of preventing unwanted pregnancies, providing high contraceptive reliability, availability and ease of use, safety and reversibility, as well as therapeutic and preventive action in various states. However, according to the State Statistics Committee of Russia, hormonal contraception is used only by 13.4% of women (2009) in this country. This is caused by suspicions both of patients and physicians about side effects of hormonal contraceptives and feasibility of the method in general.
62-65 402
Abstract
The social status and lifestyle of patients with EGE are characterized by quite a high level of education, a significant percentage of workers and students, residency predominantly in a large city, low percentage of registered marriage and average or low income.
POSTMENOPAUSAL DISORDERS
66-71 465
Abstract
The article tells about the occurrence and course of surgical menopause in women of reproductive age. Management principles for this group of patients and options for hormone therapy, in particular estriol monotherapy, are discussed.
OBSTETRICS
72-77 1970
Abstract
Summary. We have developed a scheme for preinduction and induction of labor with mifepristone.
78-83 799
Abstract
The review is devoted to the prevention and treatment of anemia during pregnancy. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common deficiency condition and the most widespread form of anemia in pregnant women. It has relevant clinical results, since adverse effects of iron deficiency affect not only the woman's body but may also impact the outcome of pregnancy and health of the newborn. First-line treatment of iron deficiency is oral iron preparations, among which iron polymaltose complex is regarded today as the most effective and safe treatment. In case of poor efficacy or severe anemia, the preferable alternative is intravenous iron. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment allows to quickly address iron metabolism in pregnant women and prevent development of complications.
84-91 707
Abstract
The study was conducted during the years 2013--2014 by the assisted reproductive technology (ART) department of the Moscow Regional Perinatal Center in Balashikha. We analyzed 384 IVF and ET cases using clinical and embryological criteria. It was found that the outcome of induced pregnancy is associated with such factors as patient age, body mass index, polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism, congenital thrombophilia, endometrial pathology, miscarriage history, total dose of HT per COS cycle, number of best quality embryos in ovarian cohort, level of serum hCG on day 14 after embryo transfer. "Best quality embryo in ovarian cohort" factor is of great interest due to high reliability and few studies in this area. Quality distribution of embryos does not occur randomly or as part of an isolated in vitro process; it follows a certain pattern that directly affects the outcome of pregnancy.
92-99 540
Abstract
90% of the population have folate deficiency, which is associated with both inadequate intake of folate-containing food and impaired function of the folate cycle enzymes. Due to a high prevalence among the population of genetic polymorphisms of the folate cycle enzymes, the use of a multivitamin-mineral complex containing folates in a biologically active form is pathogenetically justified.
100-105 398
Abstract
By now there is a substantial evidence on the role of magnesium deficiency, which can occur during pregnancy even in healthy women in case of its insufficient intake through food, in the deterioration of the clinical condition and obstetric complications, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, complex preventive therapy which apart from treatment of hypertension and autonomic dysfunction with mitral valve prolapse, includes oral organic magnesium formulations (lactate, citrate, pidolate) in combination with pyridoxine to replenish magnesium deficiency in these patients has a pronounced positive effect both on the mother, the fetus, and the course of pregnancy.
PEDIATRICS
106-109 470
Abstract
The article tells about the main mechanisms of cough in children and differential diagnosis of cough. The key features of diseases associated with cough symptoms are described; current approaches to the choice of antitussive therapy in children are considered.
110-111 391
Abstract
The positive experience with surfactant replacement therapy in the combination treatment of respiratory disorders in extremely premature infants is demonstrated.
ISSN 2079-701X (Print)
ISSN 2658-5790 (Online)
ISSN 2658-5790 (Online)