The article reviews global clinical recommendations for progestin-only implant contraception. The efficacy, safety, risks and side effects of subdermal implants Implanon and Implanon NXT are described.

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of drospirenone-containing contraceptives on body weight and blood pressure. Material and methods. The study included 45 women (mean age 26,4 ± 1,32 years). All patients received low-dose combined oral contraceptive (COC) containing 30 mcg Ethinyl Estradiol (EE), 3 mg Drospirenone and 451 mg L-Methylfolate Calcium (Metafolin®) for conraceptive purposes. The contraceptive effect was evaluated by the number of pregnancies in patients receiving COC; side effects were assessed by the renin-aldosterone system function (blood pressure), body weight changes, glucose tolerance (blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin tests) and lipid profile. Study results. The effectiveness of birth control was 100%, without any significant side effects. Conclusion. Low-dose medication Yarina® Plus containing 30 mg micronized EE as betadex clathrate, 3 mg micronized Drospirenone and 451 mg L-Methylfolate Calcium (Metafolin®), in 21/7 regimen, has a high contraceptive efficacy, reduces blood pressure within reference values, regulates body weight and maintains normal levels of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is recognized as the most effective treatment of vaso-motor symptoms in women during menopausal transition and in postmenopause [1, 2]. Although various alternative therapies are widely used for this purpose, there is little sufficient evidence to support them. The market of the so-called natural plant preparations has been on the rise recently, although the effects of most of such preparations are not better than those of the placebo [3]. Many physicians and women mistakenly believe that absence of data on any adverse effects of alternative MHT medicines evidences their safety. [4]

The review tells about disorders which cause uterine bleeding clinically manifested in heavy menstrual bleeding combined with dysmenorrhea and changes in the central nervous system. The key pathogenetic cause of bleeding associated with endometrial dysfunction is inflammation. Hormonal therapy, being the first-choice treatment, provides a comprehensive effect on the interrelated mechanisms, demonstrates high efficacy and allows for preservation of the uterus.

Endometriosis is one of the key challenges in modern gynecology. Despite significant advances in the present-day medicine, the pathogenesis of the disease is still not clearly defined, there is no consensus on diagnostic criteria; surgical techniques and energy-based methods of impact have been predominantly used, discussed and improved in the filed of treatment. Heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, disappointing consequences for the reproductive system, significant reduction in the quality of life make endometriosis a relevant medical and social problem with a huge demographic significance.

Menstrual dysfunction and preparing for pregnancy require safe prevention and careful support of the reproductive function. Cyclic vitamin therapy meets the requirements, while Time-factor, the vitamin and mineral supplement, is characterized by high compliance and convenience of use. For a pre- or postmenopausal patient, Estrovel with phytoestrogens combines high safety profile and the possibility for self-selection with adequate tolerance and the possibility for prolonged use.

A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 90 studies of pregnant women in developed countries (n = 126,242) revealed significant faults in the dietary status and reduced consumption of basic essential nutrients and micronutrients. It was found that excessive intake of fat and carbohydrates instead of adequate nutrition according to country-specific standards is associated with complicated pregnancy, low birth weight followed by impaired physical and mental development of children, increased risk of diabetes and high blood pressure in adulthood [1 2].

The etiology of spontaneous abortion is varied and determined by many factors. Occupational, nutritional and social factors, artificial abortion, smoking and drinking alcohol during pregnancy and no preconception care are risk factors for spontaneous abortion in women with recurrent pregnancy loss in history. Therefore, identification of risk factors, comprehensive examination and correction of revealed violations should be done early before planned pregnancy.

The article tells about the results of management of women with cervical incompetence accompanied by fetal bladder prolapse into the cervical canal or the upper third of the vagina at 24-25 weeks of gestation. In consideration of all contraindications, in 14 observed patients tocolysis with atosiban was initiated followed by antibiotic therapy, then surgical treatment of CI by tucking the bladder outside of the internal os. Tocolysis with atosiban continued for 48 hours; respiratory distress syndrome of the fetus was prevented. In 12 of 14 cases (85.7%) pregnancy ended in timely delivery at 37-39 weeks. In 2 cases premature birth took place (at 29 and 34 weeks), the infants underwent a course of treatment and rehabilitation. Atosiban in combination treatment of complicated CI at 24-25 weeks could be used to prevent very early preterm birth.

Childbirth for women with pregnancy-induced hypertension in combination with asymptomatic hyperuricemia is much more difficult compared with pregnant women who developed pregnancy-induced hypertension. Hyperuricemia should be regarded as an independent predictor of difficult childbirth in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension.

The article tells about the epidemiology of iron deficiency with the focus on iron metabolism, the etiology and pathogenesis of iron deficiency in pregnant and postpartum women, approaches to the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency, methods of prevention and treatment of iron deficiency conditions.

Impaired vaginal microbiocenosis results in various diseases and clinical syndromes. Vaginal microflora imbalance is most often manifested in the form of bacterial vaginosis (BV) caused by the displacement of vaginal lactobacilli with pathogenic obligate anaerobes. The major problem faced by clinicians in the treatment of BV is its tendency towards frequent recurrence. Thus, according to some sources, in 30% of women recurring BV is registered on average within three months after treatment, in 50% - within six months, respectively [1]. However, as the etiology of the syndrome has not been established so far, there is not a unified therapeutic strategy for recurrent BV, neither is it included in any local and global clinical guidelines.

Impaired vaginal microbiocenosis during pregnancy is a relevant issue for practicing obstetricians, as changes in the vaginal microflora lead to complications during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period, infections and inflammatory process in the mother and fetus (10). Recent clinical studies showed that bacterial vaginosis (BV) during pregnancy is subject to treatment (2, 8, 9, 12, 16, 19, 20, 22). However, this still remains a challenge, largely due to the potential negative effects of etiotropic medicines on the fetus, especially in early pregnancy (1, 3, 16, 19).

The review examines the relationship of human papillomavirus and its role in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. The most informative methods of diagnostics (immunohistochemical, molecular-genetic and other) and treatment of HPV-related cervical lesions are described.

With the increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, there is a growing need for new alternative therapeutic technologies and antimicrobial agents. The study included 246 women after elective cesarean section. Sekstafag® was administered to 102 patient in the main group to prevent infectious complications of abdominal delivery.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common conditions in patients with uterine myoma. The purpose of the study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron deficiency anemia and uterine myoma before surgery.

The article is devoted to the issues of prescribing antibiotic therapy to pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes. The differentiated approach to the choice of drugs is based on identifying infectious agents in the vagina by polymerase chain reaction and bacterial cultures with sensitivity to extended spectrum of antibiotics.