In recent decades, women are increasingly contact the doctors with problems of hypoactive sexual desire disorders (HSDD). Female libido is considered as one of the important indicators of quality of life, sexual health. Therapy of HSDD is difficult due to insufficient knowledge by doctors of both complex, multiple pathogenetic mechanisms of libido reduction and modern therapeutic approaches. In this article, the female sexual desire is considered from the point of view of the biopsychosocial approach, recognized as the leading one when working with sexual dysfunctions. According to biopsychosocial approach, HSDD is a consequence of combined disorders at various levels of human functioning (somatic, personal-psychological and individual-social). Modern conceptual models of sexual desire are presented, on the basis of which therapeutic approaches to HSDD are developed. The most effective from the evidence point of view directions of therapy of HSDD in women – elimination of biomedical factors that violate libido, psychotherapeutic measures (sexual awareness, cognitive behavioral therapy, sexual therapy) are discussed. Evidence-based studies confirming the high effectiveness of an integrative approach to the therapy of HSDD, combining sexual awareness, CBT, sexual therapy and pharmacotherapy, are presented. A new Russian drug – a peptide created specifically for the treatment of HSDD in women is presented. The drug has passed all stages of clinical trials and can be used both in the treatment of idiopathic HSDD and as part of combine therapy (in combination with psychotherapy and sextherapy).

   Introduction. In the structure of gynecological diseases, uterine myoma occupies one of the leading places and is accompanied by abnormal uterine bleeding, anemia, hemodynamic and hemostasiological disorders.
   Purpose. To optimize the management of the perioperative period in patients with uterine myoma and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) using methods of patient blood management (PBM).
   Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 94 patients with uterine myoma and IDA, who were examined and treated at the Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology. Of these, 74 patients made up the first, prospective group, who received IDA treatment with intravenous administration of ferric carboxymaltose during the perioperative period and during surgical treatment (laparoscopy / laparotomy and myomectomy), they underwent intraoperative autologous blood transfusion (IABT) using the cell salvage with Cell Saver 5+ apparatus. 20 women with myoma uterine and IDA constituted a comparison group (retrospective) who did not receive intravenous iron therapy in the perioperative period and did not undergo IABT. During surgical intervention (laparoscopy / laparotomy and myomectomy) or in the postoperative period, they received transfusion of donor erythrocyte-containing blood components according to indications.
   Results. All patients underwent surgical treatment in the amount of laparoscopy / laparotomy and myomectomy. During the operation, 74 patients of the main group underwent IABT in an average volume of 467.4 ± 327.8 ml. In the postoperative period, the patients of the main group continued to receive anemia therapy with intravenous administration of ferric carboxymaltose. And blood transfusions were not required in any patient of the main group. In patients of the second group, two (10 %) patients received donor erythrocyte suspension in an average volume of 358.2 ± 85.8 ml. Infectious and inflammatory complications: fever, inflammation of the postoperative suture, parametritis occurred in 6.8 % of women in the main group; in the comparison group – in 15 % of patients.
   Conclusions. Introduction into clinical practice of modern methods of blood management in patients with uterine myoma and IDA: the Infusion of intravenous high-dose ferric preparationsin the perioperative period, the use of Cell Saver devices for intra-operative autologous blood transfusion, helps to reduce the time of therapy, minimize transfusions of donor erythrocytes, reducing the frequency of infectious and inflammatory complications.

   Introduction. An actual task of reproductive medicine is a comparative analysis of the use of highly purified urinary gonadotropins and recombinant FSH preparations for ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization programms in older patients. This was suggested on the basis of data available in the literature on the possible positive effect of LH on the effectiveness of various stages of ART programs in this category of women.
   Aim. To compare the parameters of ovarian stimulation, gametogenesis, early embryogenesis, pregnancy rate (PRF) in patients of older reproductive age in ART programs who underwent ovarian stimulation using drugs containing FSH + LH or drugs containing recombinant FSH.
   Materials and methods. The study included 44 patients aged 35 to 40 years with infertility due to tubal- peritoneal and non-severe male factor treated with ART techniques. In 50% of patients, ovarian stimulation was performed with highly purified urinary gonadotropin, in 50 % – with rFSH preparations.
   Results. The characteristics of the embryological stage in both groups showed high rates, comparable with global data. The frequency of pregnancy and early miscarriage was comparable in both groups.
   Conclusions. Ovarian stimulation with MHT is effective, safe and can be recommended for patients of older reproductive age.

   Introduction. The necessity to improve methods of adenomyosis treatment is determined not only by its high prevalence, which reaches 40 % among women of reproductive age, but also by its association with infertility of unclear genesis. The disease significantly reduces the quality of life.
   Objective. To optimize reproductive outcomes after surgical treatment of nodular adenomyosis and to prevent the disease recurrence.
   Materials and Methods. A cohort prospective comparative study examined the efficacy of therapy with dienogestam after laparoscopic removal of adenomyosis nodules with temporary uterine artery occlusion and temporary balloon occlusion of the internal iliac arteries. The study included 25 women who underwent organ-preserving treatment for nodular adenomyosis from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2022. Inclusion criteria: age 22–45 years, mean 32 ± 4.5; organ preserving treatment for nodular adenomyosis, no contraindications to hormone therapy, informed voluntary consent of the patient to participate in the study.
   Results. The use of Dientogest at a dose of 2 mg/day in a continuous regimen for 6 months after surgical treatment for nodular adenomyosis was shown to transform the intensity of pain syndrome to insignificant, the absence of recurrent disease for 24 months of follow-up.
   Conclusions. The comprehensive treatment of nodular adenomyosis, which included laparoscopic removal of the nodule and the drug therapy with dienogestam, permitted the achievement of reproductive function in 40% of the patients. The choice of the treatment method for nodular adenomyosis depends primarily on the reproductive plans of the patient, the size and location of the adenomyosis nodules, and its long-term results depend on the comprehensive antiretroviral therapy.

   Introduction. A large number of treatments for women with PCOS are currently under consideration. Treatment with myo-inositol is one of the new approaches to the treatment of PCOS.

   Aim. To study the effect of myo-inositol on the restoration of reproductive function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome using assisted reproductive technologies.
   Materials and methods. We conducted a systematic search and analysis of scientific papers in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, eLIBRARY, CyberLeninka and Google Scholar using the search PCOS, myo-inositol therapy and assisted reproductive technologies in PCOS terms.
   Results and discussion. In the development of PCOS, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism play a role in 30–40 % of cases. Myo-inositol, which is an endogenous metabolite of the human body, is involved in the synthesis of inositol phosphate derivatives, which are necessary for signal transmission from insulin, GnRH, LH, FSH receptors. This substance helps to increase insulin sensitivity, which can reduce hyperandrogenism and improve the menstrual cycle. We analyzed the literature on the use of MI in women with PCOS with assisted reproductive technologies, since Myo-inositol is effective in normalizing ovarian function, improving the quality of oocytes and embryos in PCOS.
   Conclusion. The studies we examined show improvements in ovarian function, oocyte and embryo quality in patients taking myo-inositol combined with other drugs. However, further examination of large multicenter, randomized, controlled studies are needed to evaluate pregnancy and live births, as there are sources that do not confirm the efficacy of myo-inositol therapy.

immunological defense complex is involved: the role of complement, T-lymphocytes, NK-cells is noted. Of particular importance among immune factors is interferon-γ, which is able to limit the reproduction of Candida fungi in the early stages of infection by stimulating the immune response. This is due to the fact that interferon-γ is the strongest stimulator of effector functions of macrophages (microbicidal activity, cytokine production), increases the expression of histocompatibility molecules MHCI and MHCII, as well as adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, increasing endothelial permeability. Thus, the rate of development and severity of the pathological process depend on the state of the body’s defenses. The use of antibiotics, glucocorticoids and cytostatics, as well as radiation therapy can enhance the adhesive properties of yeast fungi. The choice of treatment for VVC should be based on the results of a comprehensive diagnosis, taking into account the form and risk factors of the disease. Local immunity impairment due to the innate quality of the vaginal epitheliocytes is currently one of the most significant risk factors for the development of VVC. This also explains the availability of sufficient drugs for etiotropic therapy, which does not affect its recurrence rate. The use of topical immunomodulators is a very promising method of overcoming the therapeutic failures in the complex treatment of genital candidiasis.

   Introduction. Studies show that up to 8 % of pregnant women suffer from eating disorders. Such problems are found everywhere, most often women do not even realize that this may be related to problems. And for pregnant women, this issue is most relevant, since there is a risk of complications of the gestation period, after which it is necessary to prevent unfavorable variants of the course of pregnancy and childbirth.
   Aim. To study the variants of eating disorders in pregnant women to assess the prognosis of pregnancy.

   Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical case histories of pregnant women (n = 267), followed by a survey of women on the basis of the State Medical Institution “Maternity Hospital No. 2” in Tyumen. The study period is from 2019–2022. Two groups were identified for the analysis: 1^st  – BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m² : 2^nd  – BMI of 25 kg/m²  or more. In order to determine the type of eating disorder, we used various versions of questionnaires.
   Results. Of the total number of women surveyed, overweight (BMI) was determined in 149/267 (55.9 %, 2 group), in 118/267 (44.1 %, 1 group), BMI was within normal values. Risk factors were identified for the groups that could affect the course of the gestational process in the case of an identified eating disorder. When assessing comorbidity, gynecological diseases were detected, pathologies were significantly more common for group 2 62/149 (41.6 %). The dependence of the presence of a violation of any type of eating behavior and the risk of possible complications of pregnancy is not statistically significant.

   Conclusions. To maximize the favorable course of pregnancy and reduce the risk of possible complications, it is necessary to prepare a plan of preventive measures, which will include nutrition planning with a detailed description of solutions for a certain type of eating disorder.

   Introduction. Chronic endometritis complicates infertility management that sets the task of searching new approaches of treatment. Special attention is paid to the use of enzymatic drugs that improve repair processes.
   Аim. Тo evaluate the effect of the bovgialuronidasa azoxymer on the restoration of the morphofunctional state of the endometrium and receptor apparatus in infertile women with chronic endometritis.
   Materials and methods. Forty-seven reproductive age women who applied for infertility with chronic endometritis were examined. The general, somatic, and gynecological history assessment has been carried out. Complaints included the pain syndrome (100 %), discharge from the genital tract (100 %), and the pain during palpation and uterine traction (89.4 %). Paipel-biopsy was carried out with subsequent morphological and cultural study of the endometrium. The immunohistochemical analysis was carried out, and endometrial receptivity was studied. The middle M-echo was detected. Statistical processing was carried out using the Microsoft Exel application package (2010), STATISTICA 13.3 (USA, Tibco).
   Results. Diagnostic measures including cultural and morphological examination of the endometrium allows to verify chronic endometritis. The use of this protocol allows half of infertile women with chronic endometritis to achieve pregnancy. The use of bovgialuronidasa azoxymer increases rate of pregnancy on 23.9 %.
   Conclusion. Treatment under this protocol allows half of the patients with infertility due to chronic endometritis, including autoimmune one, to achieve pregnancy.

   Introduction. The article reflects the experience of treating patients with papillomavirus- associated lesion of the cervix – mild cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I) with the use of an immunostimulant with antiviral activity – inosine pranobex (tablets 500 mg) with an assessment of clinical and microbiological efficacy.
   Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of immunomodulatory and antiviral therapy in patients with mild cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with a drug containing inosine pranobex.
   Materials and methods. An analysis of treatment with a drug containing inosine pranobex (tablets 500 mg) of 78 women with CIN I (36 months of monitoring) was carried out. Methods: colposcopy, histological examination of biopsy specimens of cervical areas, Pap-test, PCR HPV (qualitative and quantitative), immunohistochemical (determination of markers p16ink4D, Ki-67).
   Results. Presented experience of therapy with three-year monitoring of patients diagnosed with CIN I am using an oral immunostimulant with antiviral activity – inosine pranobex – (1000 mg 3 times a day for 28 days 1 time per year, showed its high clinical (84.2 %) and microbiological (83.3 %) efficacy with satisfactory tolerability of the drug.

   Сonclusion. Immunotropic and nonspecific antiviral monotherapy with an oral inosine pranobex drug showed high clinical (recovery of colposcopic status – 83.3 %, cytohistologically confirmed absence of CIN in cervical scrapings – 85.9 %) and microbiological (PCR-negative HPV – 83.3 %) efficacy during the three-year monitoring.

   Introduction. Induction of labor is one of the most frequent procedures in modern obstetrics, which reduces the frequency of cesarean section and improves pregnancy outcomes. However, the effectiveness and safety of labor induction methods vary. Currently, the vaginal therapeutic system (SVT) with dinoprostone is certified for use for childbirth in Russia.
   Aim. To conduct a review of the literature data and a pilot study of the effectiveness and safety of the vaginal therapeutic system with dinoprostone for induction of labor.

   Materials and methods. A review of the literature for 2001–2022 devoted to the use of vaginal systems with gradual release of prostaglandin for induction of labor was conducted. Additionally, a prospective observational study of the effectiveness and safety of the dinoprostone system was conducted in 18 pregnant women. The evaluation criteria were: the frequency of labor, the degree of maturation of the cervix on the Bishop scale, as well as the frequency of vaginal delivery.
   Results. Literature data indicate that SVT with dinoprostone has comparable efficacy with other methods of pre-induction / induction of labor. The system with dinoprostone has a lower frequency of the side effect of “tachysystole” than the system with misoprostol. Compared with mechanical methods, SVT is assotiated with a lower frequency of oxytocin use. The use of SVT with dinoprostone showed an efficiency of 77.8% (in terms of the of labor start or cervical ripening). No side effects requiring termination of labor induction were registered in our study.
   Conclusions. Thus, vaginal insertion with prostaglandin E2 – dinoprostone is an effective and safe method of pre-induction of labor. Taking into account the small sample size in our work, it is of interest to continue research in order to obtain more complete data and in comparison with other methods.

   Introduction. In addition to being protective against unwanted pregnancies, combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) can improve health and quality of life of women. The awareness of Russian women about CHCs is 85 %, however, only 13 % of women in Russia have a long-term experience with CHCs. This is why, it is essential to analyse drivers of adherence of young women to CHCs, and the reasons for refusal of them.
   Aim. Identification of the reasons affecting adherence to СHС in young women.
   Materials and methods. Group 1 consisted of 36 women who have tried using СHС, but stopped taking: 1A (19 women) – up to 1 year, 1B (17 women) – from 1 to 3 years; group 2 – 35 women who have never used СHС.
   Results. The level of education in group 2 was significantly lower, patients with secondary general education prevailed. Despite the high awareness of the benefits of СHС, the number of real users of these drugs was only 50.7 %, while half of them used CHС for 9 months on average. The refusal to use СHС in group 2 was motivated by the possible development of side effects, the lack of need for regular contraception, which requires improvement of counseling on using СHС, taking into account the characteristics of the contingent of patients. The reason for the rejection of СHС in groups 1A and 1B, regardless of the duration of use, was side effects in 42.1 and 47.1 % of cases, respectively, which included: headaches, decreased libido; nausea, epigastric pain, intermenstrual spotting, weight gain, emotional lability.
   Conclusion. Taking into account the level of education of patients and their needs, high-quality structured counseling when choosing a method of contraception will increase compliance with the use of СHСs, increase the frequency and duration of using СHСs.

   The human immune system, which is in close connection with other organs and systems including the reproductive one, is required for the body’s defence against infections, as well as other external and internal factors. A balanced diet with a sufficient content of not only macro-, but also micronutrients is necessary for the normal function of the immune system. Various studies showed a relationship between the deficiency of various vitamins and trace elements and decreased activity of the immune system. Thus, the immune response can be impaired by malnutrition and trace element deficiency, which increases the body’s susceptibility to infectious factors. In its turn, the infectious process can lead to an increased demand for micronutrients, which is met by exogenous substances, and in case of not enough consumption of them – by endogenous reserves. Infections are one of the main factors deteriorating human reproductive health. Pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) hold leading positions in the gynecological pathology pattern, and their prevalence does not show a downward trend. This literature review considers the impact of major infections on women’s reproductive health, presents data on the role of micronutrients in preventing infectious diseases and rehabilitating after them, as well as in preserving reproductive functions after infections. The importance of vitamin C, E, B vitamins, zinc, L-arginine for the preservation and restoration of women’s fertility is considered, and the results of studies on the issue are presented.

   Introduction. According to researchers from different countries, the incidence of neonatal herpes varies noticeably.
   Objective. Optimization of pre-gravid preparation of women with chronic recurrent genital herpes to reduce pregnancy complications and improve perinatal outcomes.
   Мaterials and methods. The study included 58 women with confirmed chronic recurrent genital herpes. Two groups were formed, the main group included 30 women receiving pre-gravid preparation, complex treatment with antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs, the comparison group was represented by 28 women receiving pre-gravid preparation and only antiviral drug. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment of chronic genital herpes and the benefits of pre-gravid preparation were carried out by assessing clinical manifestations, determining the immune status, analyzing the characteristics of the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and perinatal outcomes.

   Results. As a result of the study, the available data confirm the feasibility of using complex therapy in the treatment of chronic recurrent genital herpes in combination with pre-gravid preparation.
   Conclusion. Pre-gravid preparation and specific treatment of women with chronic recurrent genital herpes improve the clinical status of patients, increase the interrecurrent period, reduce the severity of prodromal symptoms, the duration and intensity of relapses of the disease, and contribute more favorable course of pregnancy and improvement perinatal outcomes.

   As a result of the age-related decline in reproductive function, during the perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods female patients experience an estrogen deficiency state. Due to this state, symptoms of estrogen deficiency, which are combined into the concept of “climacteric syndrome”, begin to manifest. Climacteric syndrome is a complex of vegetative-vascular, mental, and metabolic-endocrine disorders that develop in women not only due to decrease in estrogen synthesis, but also the general ageing of the body. Clinical manifestations of the climacteric syndrome have a certain priority of development. With a decrease of the hormonal function of the ovaries, vasomotor disorders step forward. They represent all forms of autonomic regulation disorders, such as hot flashes, arterial pressure and pulse liability, respiratory disorders, hyperhydrosis, chills, and many others. In this article, the greatest emphasis is placed on the issue of vasomotor disorders, in particular hot flashes, in women of the perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods. Attention is paid to the medical and social component of the issue discussed. Given the fact that today the life expectancy of people, including women, is significantly increasing in the developed countries, a large number of females are faced with the issue of menopausal syndrome. The clinical manifestations of menopause not only have an extremely negative impact on the women’s quality of life, but also lay the groundwork for the development of more severe somatic disorders. The article also considers in detail the frequency of hot flashes, and the pathogenetic mechanisms of their development. The “gold standard” for the treatment of patients suffering from vasomotor disorders is particularly detailed. Today, the menopausal hormone therapy is recognized as the most effective therapeutic approach, which, subject to a personalized approach to patients and the absence of contraindications to its prescription, demonstrates high protective capabilities.

   Menopause, defined as the cessation of menses for 12 months and more, is a multidimensional evolutionary process, which has a considerable impact on the women’s quality of life and the risk of development of age-associated pathology. 47 million of women around the world enter the menopausal period each year. The menopause onset age is the most important factor which determines the woman health status and, to a large extent, both the risk of morbidity and mortality. Menopause may be induced by a surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Post-menopause period accounts for about onethird of a woman’s life and is quite often accompanied by the development of different symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) are primarily referred to the initial manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. VMS frequency prevails within the two-year period immediately before and after the last menstruation. In some patients, hot flashes can begin long before (10 years prior to) the menopause and persist for a long time. Night sweats, dysphoric disorders, urogenital atrophy / urination disorders, sexual (decreased libido) and cognitive changes, and sleep disturbances are often observed due to the estrogen deficiency. MHT should be considered as a first line therapeutic intervention for the correction of climacteric disorders and prevention of age-associated pathology in women with premature ovarian failure and in menopausal women under the age of 60. For patients who are wary of hormonal therapy or have absolute / relative contradictions to the use of MHT, alternative methods of menopausal disorders correction, which include nonpharmacological and pharmacological non-hormonal drugs with different degrees of efficiency and safety should be considered. Phytoestrogens have confidently filled a niche of alternative therapy for the treatment of menopausal disorders.

   Sexual pain disorder, combining the terms dyspareunia, vaginismus, genitopelvic pain, and penetration disorder, is common in women of reproductive and postmenopausal age worldwide (up to 34-45%) and is more often manifested as recurrent acute pain. A diagnosis of genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPD) is made when at least one of the following symptoms is present: persistent or recurrent difficulty with vaginal penetration; marked vulvovaginal or pelvic pain during vaginal intercourse and attempts of vaginal penetration; marked fear or anxiety about vulvovaginal or pelvic pain in anticipation, during or as a result of vaginal penetration; marked tension of the pelvic floor muscles during attempts of vaginal penetration. Additional criteria include the presence of the listed symptoms for at least 6 months, resulting in significant sexual distress that causes serious problems in the relationship and is not related to the effects of any substance or any other medical condition. The mechanisms of sexual pain are determined by a wide range of biological, psychiatric and social factors, which explains the difficulty in diagnosing and treating it, as well as the negative impact on sexual functioning in the couple. Timely multidisciplinary care for women suffering from a sexual pain disorder can effectively alleviate the condition and ensure marital sexual harmony in the couple. The modern range of treatment options includes both conservative and surgical treatment methods, the rational choice of which can significantly improve patients’ quality of life.

   The vulva, vagina, lower urinary tract, and pelvic floor have the same embryonic origin. Thus, all of the abovementioned organs are equally sensitive to estrogen deficiency and menopausal hormone therapy due to expression of the respective receptors. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a concept first introduced in 2013 to provide a more complete definition of the consequences of estrogen deficiency in urogenital tissues and reflect the full range of vaginal and urinary symptoms that women experience during menopause. The term broadly reflects the condition, which, unlike the older term “vulvovaginal atrophy”, is not limited to a single symptom of dyspareunia and includes women who are not sexually active. The consequences of GSM significantly alter the quality of life of most menopausal women. Some patients with symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy completely stop their sexual activity (58 %) and avoid sexual intimacy (55%). Various forms of urinary disorders also alter activities of daily living, sleep, sexual activity, and can lead to social isolation and loss of self-respect. Women with recurrent vulvovaginal infection often have to seek medical care. Estrogen therapy during menopause is pathogenetically justified. Estrogens administered intravaginally are more effective in relieving the symptoms of GSM, both objectively and subjectively, than their systemic use. Up to 40% of women receiving systemic menopausal hormone therapy do not have the expected effect of estrogens on the urogenital tract. If the symptoms of GSM prevail, it is advisable to consider monotherapy with local estrogens or combine it with systemic therapy instead of increasing a dose of the latter. The article presents a clinical case of a personalized approach to solving the issue of vulvovaginal atrophy combined with a mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in a postmenopausal female patient.

   Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) occur in 10-15 % of women of reproductive age and in 20 % of menopausal women and have an extremely negative impact on quality of life. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for about 40 % of all hospital-acquired infections and 50% of bacterial infections resulting in long-term hospitalisation. In Russia, 26-36 million cases of acute cystitis are reported each year. Because of its high prevalence, UTI is an economic problem. Clinically, UTI is more often manifested as acute urethritis or cystitis. Antibiotic therapy is a fundamental treatment for RUTI, but has a number of negative consequences. Antimicrobial resistance is an enormous challenge and a serious threat to global health, prompting the search for alternative strategies. Natural antimicrobial peptides have attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians for their broad therapeutic potential against bacteria, viruses and resistant intracellular bacterial communities (biofilms). This review details the etiology, classification, diagnosis and therapy of RUTI. Global data revealing the mechanisms of action of antimicrobial peptides is presented. Commercially available peptide-based antimicrobials and their efficacy based on clinical trials are discussed. The development of new strategies to combat bacterial infections, in particular the use of drugs based on antimicrobial peptides and their derivatives, has been shown to be of great practical importance in terms of combating multidrug-resistant pathogens and increasing the effectiveness of treatment of recurrent infections.

   The burden of persistent papillomavirus infection on public healthcare is not limited to cervical cancer (CC). At present, cervical cancer continues to be one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, although HPV also causes anogenital warts. As there is no HPV treatment available, nowadays researchers focus on the search for new therapeutic platforms, new agents for HPV-associated diseases relapse prevention after surgical treatment. Significant anticancer effects of resveratrol have been demonstrated in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, skin cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and stomach cancer. In CC cells, resveratrol stimulates apoptosis of cancer cells, increases expression of HPV E6 and E7, and the expression of p53 tumor suppressor protein. Protective effects on CC cells migration and invasion is achieved by inhibiting NF-κB transcription and AP-1 mediated MMP9 expression. Resveratrol demonstrates a whole range of anti-inflammatory effects, ranging from the suppression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 expression and inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2, to the suppression of the formation of ROS and NO. I3K has a proven antitumor efficacy based on the molecular mechanisms of pathological cell proliferation and tumor transformation in hormone- dependent tissues, including cervical epithelial cells. Resveratrol and I3K have a wide range of studied positive therapeutic effects that can significantly reduce the likelihood of development and progression of HPV-associated lesions.